Retroreflection and diffraction of a Bose–Einstein condensate by evanescent standing wave potential

The characteristic of the angular distributions of accelerated Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) atoms incidence on the surface is designed using the mathematical modeling method. Here, we proposed the idea to study retroreflection and diffraction of a BEC from an evanescent standing wave potential (ESWP). The ESWP is formed by multiple reflections of the laser beam from the surface of the prism under the influence of gravity. After BEC’s reflection and diffraction, the so-called BEC’s density rainbow patterns develop due to the interference which depends on the surface structure which we model with the periodic decaying evanescent field. The interaction of accelerated bosonic atoms with a surface can help to demonstrate surface structures or to determine surface roughness, or to build future high spatial resolution and high sensitivity magnetic-field sensors in two-dimensional systems.