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Cancer Extracellular Vesicles: Next-Generation Diagnostic and Drug Delivery Nanotools

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted continuously from different cell types. The composition of EVs, like proteins, nucleic acids and lipids is linked with the cells of origin and they are involved in cell-cell communication. The presence of EVs in the majority of the body fluid...

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Autores principales: Palazzolo, Stefano, Memeo, Lorenzo, Hadla, Mohamad, Duzagac, Fahriye, Steffan, Agostino, Perin, Tiziana, Canzonieri, Vincenzo, Tuccinardi, Tiziano, Caligiuri, Isabella, Rizzolio, Flavio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7692229/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33126572
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12113165
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author Palazzolo, Stefano
Memeo, Lorenzo
Hadla, Mohamad
Duzagac, Fahriye
Steffan, Agostino
Perin, Tiziana
Canzonieri, Vincenzo
Tuccinardi, Tiziano
Caligiuri, Isabella
Rizzolio, Flavio
author_facet Palazzolo, Stefano
Memeo, Lorenzo
Hadla, Mohamad
Duzagac, Fahriye
Steffan, Agostino
Perin, Tiziana
Canzonieri, Vincenzo
Tuccinardi, Tiziano
Caligiuri, Isabella
Rizzolio, Flavio
author_sort Palazzolo, Stefano
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted continuously from different cell types. The composition of EVs, like proteins, nucleic acids and lipids is linked with the cells of origin and they are involved in cell-cell communication. The presence of EVs in the majority of the body fluids makes them attractive to investigate and define their role in physiological and in pathological processes. This review is focused on EVs with dimensions between 30 and 150 nm like exosomes (EEVs). We described the biogenesis of EEVs, methods for isolation and their role in cancer as innovative diagnostic tools and new drug delivery systems. ABSTRACT: Nanosized extracellular vesicles (EVs) with dimensions ranging from 100 to 1000 nm are continuously secreted from different cells in their extracellular environment. They are able to encapsulate and transfer various biomolecules, such as nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, that play an essential role in cell‒cell communication, reflecting a novel method of extracellular cross-talk. Since EVs are present in large amounts in most bodily fluids, challengeable hypotheses are analyzed to unlock their potential roles. Here, we review EVs by discussing their specific characteristics (structure, formation, composition, and isolation methods), focusing on their key role in cell biology. Furthermore, this review will summarize the biomedical applications of EVs, in particular those between 30 and 150 nm (like exosomes), as next-generation diagnostic tools in liquid biopsy for cancer and as novel drug delivery vehicles.
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spelling pubmed-76922292020-11-28 Cancer Extracellular Vesicles: Next-Generation Diagnostic and Drug Delivery Nanotools Palazzolo, Stefano Memeo, Lorenzo Hadla, Mohamad Duzagac, Fahriye Steffan, Agostino Perin, Tiziana Canzonieri, Vincenzo Tuccinardi, Tiziano Caligiuri, Isabella Rizzolio, Flavio Cancers (Basel) Review SIMPLE SUMMARY: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted continuously from different cell types. The composition of EVs, like proteins, nucleic acids and lipids is linked with the cells of origin and they are involved in cell-cell communication. The presence of EVs in the majority of the body fluids makes them attractive to investigate and define their role in physiological and in pathological processes. This review is focused on EVs with dimensions between 30 and 150 nm like exosomes (EEVs). We described the biogenesis of EEVs, methods for isolation and their role in cancer as innovative diagnostic tools and new drug delivery systems. ABSTRACT: Nanosized extracellular vesicles (EVs) with dimensions ranging from 100 to 1000 nm are continuously secreted from different cells in their extracellular environment. They are able to encapsulate and transfer various biomolecules, such as nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, that play an essential role in cell‒cell communication, reflecting a novel method of extracellular cross-talk. Since EVs are present in large amounts in most bodily fluids, challengeable hypotheses are analyzed to unlock their potential roles. Here, we review EVs by discussing their specific characteristics (structure, formation, composition, and isolation methods), focusing on their key role in cell biology. Furthermore, this review will summarize the biomedical applications of EVs, in particular those between 30 and 150 nm (like exosomes), as next-generation diagnostic tools in liquid biopsy for cancer and as novel drug delivery vehicles. MDPI 2020-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7692229/ /pubmed/33126572 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12113165 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Palazzolo, Stefano
Memeo, Lorenzo
Hadla, Mohamad
Duzagac, Fahriye
Steffan, Agostino
Perin, Tiziana
Canzonieri, Vincenzo
Tuccinardi, Tiziano
Caligiuri, Isabella
Rizzolio, Flavio
Cancer Extracellular Vesicles: Next-Generation Diagnostic and Drug Delivery Nanotools
title Cancer Extracellular Vesicles: Next-Generation Diagnostic and Drug Delivery Nanotools
title_full Cancer Extracellular Vesicles: Next-Generation Diagnostic and Drug Delivery Nanotools
title_fullStr Cancer Extracellular Vesicles: Next-Generation Diagnostic and Drug Delivery Nanotools
title_full_unstemmed Cancer Extracellular Vesicles: Next-Generation Diagnostic and Drug Delivery Nanotools
title_short Cancer Extracellular Vesicles: Next-Generation Diagnostic and Drug Delivery Nanotools
title_sort cancer extracellular vesicles: next-generation diagnostic and drug delivery nanotools
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7692229/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33126572
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12113165
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