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Growth and Puberty in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are gastrointestinal tract pathologies of unknown etiology; they have an alternating trend, with active and silent phases. IBD are classified in two main forms: ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). Both have chronic and recurrent course, gastrointestina...

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Autores principales: Amaro, Flavia, Chiarelli, Francesco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7692295/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33138015
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8110458
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author Amaro, Flavia
Chiarelli, Francesco
author_facet Amaro, Flavia
Chiarelli, Francesco
author_sort Amaro, Flavia
collection PubMed
description Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are gastrointestinal tract pathologies of unknown etiology; they have an alternating trend, with active and silent phases. IBD are classified in two main forms: ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). Both have chronic and recurrent course, gastrointestinal symptoms, and extraintestinal manifestations. The altered immune response role seems to be important both in UC and CD. In the majority of cases, CD begins with abdominal pain, diarrhea, decrease in appetite, and weight loss; there can be also perianal fistulas, rhagades, and perianal recurrent abscesses. In addition, retarded growth and delayed puberty can precede the development of the disease or can even be predominant at onset. Growth retardation is found in 40% of IBD patients, but the underlying mechanism of this and other extra-intestinal manifestations are partially known: the main hypotheses are represented by malnutrition and inflammatory response during the active phase of the disease. The increased level of pro-inflammatory cytokines can influence growth, but also the onset of puberty and its progression. In addition, it could be essential to clarify the role and the possible effects of all the currently used treatments concerning growth failure and delayed puberty.
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spelling pubmed-76922952020-11-28 Growth and Puberty in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Amaro, Flavia Chiarelli, Francesco Biomedicines Review Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are gastrointestinal tract pathologies of unknown etiology; they have an alternating trend, with active and silent phases. IBD are classified in two main forms: ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). Both have chronic and recurrent course, gastrointestinal symptoms, and extraintestinal manifestations. The altered immune response role seems to be important both in UC and CD. In the majority of cases, CD begins with abdominal pain, diarrhea, decrease in appetite, and weight loss; there can be also perianal fistulas, rhagades, and perianal recurrent abscesses. In addition, retarded growth and delayed puberty can precede the development of the disease or can even be predominant at onset. Growth retardation is found in 40% of IBD patients, but the underlying mechanism of this and other extra-intestinal manifestations are partially known: the main hypotheses are represented by malnutrition and inflammatory response during the active phase of the disease. The increased level of pro-inflammatory cytokines can influence growth, but also the onset of puberty and its progression. In addition, it could be essential to clarify the role and the possible effects of all the currently used treatments concerning growth failure and delayed puberty. MDPI 2020-10-29 /pmc/articles/PMC7692295/ /pubmed/33138015 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8110458 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Amaro, Flavia
Chiarelli, Francesco
Growth and Puberty in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
title Growth and Puberty in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
title_full Growth and Puberty in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
title_fullStr Growth and Puberty in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
title_full_unstemmed Growth and Puberty in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
title_short Growth and Puberty in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
title_sort growth and puberty in children with inflammatory bowel diseases
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7692295/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33138015
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8110458
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