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Reading between the (Genetic) Lines: How Epigenetics is Unlocking Novel Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune condition where the body’s immune cells destroy their insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells leading to dysregulated glycaemia. Individuals with T1D control their blood glucose through exogenous insulin replacement therapy, often using multiple daily injection...

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Autores principales: Akil, Ammira-Sarah AL-Shabeeb, Jerman, Laila F., Yassin, Esraa, Padmajeya, Sujitha S., Al-Kurbi, Alya, Fakhro, Khalid A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7692667/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33153010
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9112403
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author Akil, Ammira-Sarah AL-Shabeeb
Jerman, Laila F.
Yassin, Esraa
Padmajeya, Sujitha S.
Al-Kurbi, Alya
Fakhro, Khalid A.
author_facet Akil, Ammira-Sarah AL-Shabeeb
Jerman, Laila F.
Yassin, Esraa
Padmajeya, Sujitha S.
Al-Kurbi, Alya
Fakhro, Khalid A.
author_sort Akil, Ammira-Sarah AL-Shabeeb
collection PubMed
description Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune condition where the body’s immune cells destroy their insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells leading to dysregulated glycaemia. Individuals with T1D control their blood glucose through exogenous insulin replacement therapy, often using multiple daily injections or pumps. However, failure to accurately mimic intrinsic glucose regulation results in glucose fluctuations and long-term complications impacting key organs such as the heart, kidneys, and/or the eyes. It is well established that genetic and environmental factors contribute to the initiation and progression of T1D, but recent studies show that epigenetic modifications are also important. Here, we discuss key epigenetic modifications associated with T1D pathogenesis and discuss how recent research is finding ways to harness epigenetic mechanisms to prevent, reverse, or manage T1D.
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spelling pubmed-76926672020-11-28 Reading between the (Genetic) Lines: How Epigenetics is Unlocking Novel Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes Akil, Ammira-Sarah AL-Shabeeb Jerman, Laila F. Yassin, Esraa Padmajeya, Sujitha S. Al-Kurbi, Alya Fakhro, Khalid A. Cells Review Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune condition where the body’s immune cells destroy their insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells leading to dysregulated glycaemia. Individuals with T1D control their blood glucose through exogenous insulin replacement therapy, often using multiple daily injections or pumps. However, failure to accurately mimic intrinsic glucose regulation results in glucose fluctuations and long-term complications impacting key organs such as the heart, kidneys, and/or the eyes. It is well established that genetic and environmental factors contribute to the initiation and progression of T1D, but recent studies show that epigenetic modifications are also important. Here, we discuss key epigenetic modifications associated with T1D pathogenesis and discuss how recent research is finding ways to harness epigenetic mechanisms to prevent, reverse, or manage T1D. MDPI 2020-11-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7692667/ /pubmed/33153010 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9112403 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Akil, Ammira-Sarah AL-Shabeeb
Jerman, Laila F.
Yassin, Esraa
Padmajeya, Sujitha S.
Al-Kurbi, Alya
Fakhro, Khalid A.
Reading between the (Genetic) Lines: How Epigenetics is Unlocking Novel Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes
title Reading between the (Genetic) Lines: How Epigenetics is Unlocking Novel Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes
title_full Reading between the (Genetic) Lines: How Epigenetics is Unlocking Novel Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes
title_fullStr Reading between the (Genetic) Lines: How Epigenetics is Unlocking Novel Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes
title_full_unstemmed Reading between the (Genetic) Lines: How Epigenetics is Unlocking Novel Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes
title_short Reading between the (Genetic) Lines: How Epigenetics is Unlocking Novel Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes
title_sort reading between the (genetic) lines: how epigenetics is unlocking novel therapies for type 1 diabetes
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7692667/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33153010
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9112403
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