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Hepatotoxicity of Two Progoitrin-Derived Nitriles in New Zealand White Rabbits
Cattle occasionally develop brassica-associated liver disease (BALD) and photosensitisation when grazing turnip or swede (Brassica spp.) forage crops. The liver toxin in these brassica varieties has yet to be discovered. Progoitrin is the dominant glucosinolate in incriminated crops. Apart from goit...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7693095/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33147822 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12110695 |
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author | Collett, Mark Grey Matthews, Zoe Maree Parton, Kathleen Henry |
author_facet | Collett, Mark Grey Matthews, Zoe Maree Parton, Kathleen Henry |
author_sort | Collett, Mark Grey |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cattle occasionally develop brassica-associated liver disease (BALD) and photosensitisation when grazing turnip or swede (Brassica spp.) forage crops. The liver toxin in these brassica varieties has yet to be discovered. Progoitrin is the dominant glucosinolate in incriminated crops. Apart from goitrin, progoitrin hydrolysis yields the nitrile, 1-cyano-2-hydroxy-3-butene (CHB), and the epithionitrile, 1-cyano-2-hydroxy-3,4-epithiobutane (CHEB). The two compounds were custom-synthesised. In a small pilot trial, New Zealand White rabbits were given either CHB or CHEB by gavage. Single doses of 0.75 mmol/kg of CHB or 0.25 mmol/kg of CHEB were subtoxic and elicited subclinical effects. Higher doses were severely hepatotoxic, causing periportal to massive hepatic necrosis associated with markedly elevated serum liver biomarkers often resulting in severe illness or death within 24 h. The possibility that one or both of these hepatotoxic nitriles causes BALD in cattle requires further investigation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7693095 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-76930952020-11-28 Hepatotoxicity of Two Progoitrin-Derived Nitriles in New Zealand White Rabbits Collett, Mark Grey Matthews, Zoe Maree Parton, Kathleen Henry Toxins (Basel) Article Cattle occasionally develop brassica-associated liver disease (BALD) and photosensitisation when grazing turnip or swede (Brassica spp.) forage crops. The liver toxin in these brassica varieties has yet to be discovered. Progoitrin is the dominant glucosinolate in incriminated crops. Apart from goitrin, progoitrin hydrolysis yields the nitrile, 1-cyano-2-hydroxy-3-butene (CHB), and the epithionitrile, 1-cyano-2-hydroxy-3,4-epithiobutane (CHEB). The two compounds were custom-synthesised. In a small pilot trial, New Zealand White rabbits were given either CHB or CHEB by gavage. Single doses of 0.75 mmol/kg of CHB or 0.25 mmol/kg of CHEB were subtoxic and elicited subclinical effects. Higher doses were severely hepatotoxic, causing periportal to massive hepatic necrosis associated with markedly elevated serum liver biomarkers often resulting in severe illness or death within 24 h. The possibility that one or both of these hepatotoxic nitriles causes BALD in cattle requires further investigation. MDPI 2020-11-02 /pmc/articles/PMC7693095/ /pubmed/33147822 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12110695 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Collett, Mark Grey Matthews, Zoe Maree Parton, Kathleen Henry Hepatotoxicity of Two Progoitrin-Derived Nitriles in New Zealand White Rabbits |
title | Hepatotoxicity of Two Progoitrin-Derived Nitriles in New Zealand White Rabbits |
title_full | Hepatotoxicity of Two Progoitrin-Derived Nitriles in New Zealand White Rabbits |
title_fullStr | Hepatotoxicity of Two Progoitrin-Derived Nitriles in New Zealand White Rabbits |
title_full_unstemmed | Hepatotoxicity of Two Progoitrin-Derived Nitriles in New Zealand White Rabbits |
title_short | Hepatotoxicity of Two Progoitrin-Derived Nitriles in New Zealand White Rabbits |
title_sort | hepatotoxicity of two progoitrin-derived nitriles in new zealand white rabbits |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7693095/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33147822 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12110695 |
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