Cargando…

Inflammation, Peripheral Signals and Redox Homeostasis in Athletes Who Practice Different Sports

The importance of training in regulating body mass and performance is well known. Physical training induces metabolic changes in the organism, leading to the activation of adaptive mechanisms aimed at establishing a new dynamic equilibrium. However, exercise can have both positive and negative effec...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Luti, Simone, Modesti, Alessandra, Modesti, Pietro A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7693221/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33143147
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9111065
_version_ 1783614693800148992
author Luti, Simone
Modesti, Alessandra
Modesti, Pietro A.
author_facet Luti, Simone
Modesti, Alessandra
Modesti, Pietro A.
author_sort Luti, Simone
collection PubMed
description The importance of training in regulating body mass and performance is well known. Physical training induces metabolic changes in the organism, leading to the activation of adaptive mechanisms aimed at establishing a new dynamic equilibrium. However, exercise can have both positive and negative effects on inflammatory and redox statuses. In recent years, attention has focused on the regulation of energy homeostasis and most studies have reported the involvement of peripheral signals in influencing energy and even inflammatory homeostasis due to overtraining syndrome. Among these, leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin-1β (IL1β) and tumour necrosis factor a (TNFa) were reported to influence energy and even inflammatory homeostasis. However, most studies were performed on sedentary individuals undergoing an aerobic training program. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to focus on high-performance exercise studies performed in athletes to correlate peripheral mediators and key inflammation markers with physiological and pathological conditions in different sports such as basketball, soccer, swimming and cycling.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7693221
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-76932212020-11-28 Inflammation, Peripheral Signals and Redox Homeostasis in Athletes Who Practice Different Sports Luti, Simone Modesti, Alessandra Modesti, Pietro A. Antioxidants (Basel) Review The importance of training in regulating body mass and performance is well known. Physical training induces metabolic changes in the organism, leading to the activation of adaptive mechanisms aimed at establishing a new dynamic equilibrium. However, exercise can have both positive and negative effects on inflammatory and redox statuses. In recent years, attention has focused on the regulation of energy homeostasis and most studies have reported the involvement of peripheral signals in influencing energy and even inflammatory homeostasis due to overtraining syndrome. Among these, leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin-1β (IL1β) and tumour necrosis factor a (TNFa) were reported to influence energy and even inflammatory homeostasis. However, most studies were performed on sedentary individuals undergoing an aerobic training program. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to focus on high-performance exercise studies performed in athletes to correlate peripheral mediators and key inflammation markers with physiological and pathological conditions in different sports such as basketball, soccer, swimming and cycling. MDPI 2020-10-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7693221/ /pubmed/33143147 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9111065 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Luti, Simone
Modesti, Alessandra
Modesti, Pietro A.
Inflammation, Peripheral Signals and Redox Homeostasis in Athletes Who Practice Different Sports
title Inflammation, Peripheral Signals and Redox Homeostasis in Athletes Who Practice Different Sports
title_full Inflammation, Peripheral Signals and Redox Homeostasis in Athletes Who Practice Different Sports
title_fullStr Inflammation, Peripheral Signals and Redox Homeostasis in Athletes Who Practice Different Sports
title_full_unstemmed Inflammation, Peripheral Signals and Redox Homeostasis in Athletes Who Practice Different Sports
title_short Inflammation, Peripheral Signals and Redox Homeostasis in Athletes Who Practice Different Sports
title_sort inflammation, peripheral signals and redox homeostasis in athletes who practice different sports
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7693221/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33143147
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9111065
work_keys_str_mv AT lutisimone inflammationperipheralsignalsandredoxhomeostasisinathleteswhopracticedifferentsports
AT modestialessandra inflammationperipheralsignalsandredoxhomeostasisinathleteswhopracticedifferentsports
AT modestipietroa inflammationperipheralsignalsandredoxhomeostasisinathleteswhopracticedifferentsports