Cargando…
Inflammation, Peripheral Signals and Redox Homeostasis in Athletes Who Practice Different Sports
The importance of training in regulating body mass and performance is well known. Physical training induces metabolic changes in the organism, leading to the activation of adaptive mechanisms aimed at establishing a new dynamic equilibrium. However, exercise can have both positive and negative effec...
Autores principales: | , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7693221/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33143147 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9111065 |
_version_ | 1783614693800148992 |
---|---|
author | Luti, Simone Modesti, Alessandra Modesti, Pietro A. |
author_facet | Luti, Simone Modesti, Alessandra Modesti, Pietro A. |
author_sort | Luti, Simone |
collection | PubMed |
description | The importance of training in regulating body mass and performance is well known. Physical training induces metabolic changes in the organism, leading to the activation of adaptive mechanisms aimed at establishing a new dynamic equilibrium. However, exercise can have both positive and negative effects on inflammatory and redox statuses. In recent years, attention has focused on the regulation of energy homeostasis and most studies have reported the involvement of peripheral signals in influencing energy and even inflammatory homeostasis due to overtraining syndrome. Among these, leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin-1β (IL1β) and tumour necrosis factor a (TNFa) were reported to influence energy and even inflammatory homeostasis. However, most studies were performed on sedentary individuals undergoing an aerobic training program. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to focus on high-performance exercise studies performed in athletes to correlate peripheral mediators and key inflammation markers with physiological and pathological conditions in different sports such as basketball, soccer, swimming and cycling. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7693221 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-76932212020-11-28 Inflammation, Peripheral Signals and Redox Homeostasis in Athletes Who Practice Different Sports Luti, Simone Modesti, Alessandra Modesti, Pietro A. Antioxidants (Basel) Review The importance of training in regulating body mass and performance is well known. Physical training induces metabolic changes in the organism, leading to the activation of adaptive mechanisms aimed at establishing a new dynamic equilibrium. However, exercise can have both positive and negative effects on inflammatory and redox statuses. In recent years, attention has focused on the regulation of energy homeostasis and most studies have reported the involvement of peripheral signals in influencing energy and even inflammatory homeostasis due to overtraining syndrome. Among these, leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin-1β (IL1β) and tumour necrosis factor a (TNFa) were reported to influence energy and even inflammatory homeostasis. However, most studies were performed on sedentary individuals undergoing an aerobic training program. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to focus on high-performance exercise studies performed in athletes to correlate peripheral mediators and key inflammation markers with physiological and pathological conditions in different sports such as basketball, soccer, swimming and cycling. MDPI 2020-10-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7693221/ /pubmed/33143147 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9111065 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Luti, Simone Modesti, Alessandra Modesti, Pietro A. Inflammation, Peripheral Signals and Redox Homeostasis in Athletes Who Practice Different Sports |
title | Inflammation, Peripheral Signals and Redox Homeostasis in Athletes Who Practice Different Sports |
title_full | Inflammation, Peripheral Signals and Redox Homeostasis in Athletes Who Practice Different Sports |
title_fullStr | Inflammation, Peripheral Signals and Redox Homeostasis in Athletes Who Practice Different Sports |
title_full_unstemmed | Inflammation, Peripheral Signals and Redox Homeostasis in Athletes Who Practice Different Sports |
title_short | Inflammation, Peripheral Signals and Redox Homeostasis in Athletes Who Practice Different Sports |
title_sort | inflammation, peripheral signals and redox homeostasis in athletes who practice different sports |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7693221/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33143147 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9111065 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT lutisimone inflammationperipheralsignalsandredoxhomeostasisinathleteswhopracticedifferentsports AT modestialessandra inflammationperipheralsignalsandredoxhomeostasisinathleteswhopracticedifferentsports AT modestipietroa inflammationperipheralsignalsandredoxhomeostasisinathleteswhopracticedifferentsports |