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Oxidative Stress in ESRD Patients on Dialysis and the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases

Chronic kidney disease is highly prevalent worldwide. The decline of renal function is associated with inadequate removal of a variety of uremic toxins that exert detrimental effects on cells functioning, thus affecting the cardiovascular system. The occurrence of cardiovascular aberrations in CKD i...

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Autores principales: Rysz, Jacek, Franczyk, Beata, Ławiński, Janusz, Gluba-Brzózka, Anna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7693989/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33153174
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9111079
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author Rysz, Jacek
Franczyk, Beata
Ławiński, Janusz
Gluba-Brzózka, Anna
author_facet Rysz, Jacek
Franczyk, Beata
Ławiński, Janusz
Gluba-Brzózka, Anna
author_sort Rysz, Jacek
collection PubMed
description Chronic kidney disease is highly prevalent worldwide. The decline of renal function is associated with inadequate removal of a variety of uremic toxins that exert detrimental effects on cells functioning, thus affecting the cardiovascular system. The occurrence of cardiovascular aberrations in CKD is related to the impact of traditional risk factors and non-traditional CKD-associated risk factors, including anemia; inflammation; oxidative stress; the presence of some uremic toxins; and factors related to the type, frequency of dialysis and the composition of dialysis fluid. Cardiovascular diseases are the most frequent cause for the deaths of patients with all stages of renal failure. The kidney is one of the vital sources of antioxidant enzymes, therefore, the impairment of this organ is associated with decreased levels of these enzymes as well as increased levels of pro-oxidants. Uremic toxins have been shown to play a vital role in the onset of oxidative stress. Hemodialysis itself also enhances oxidative stress. Elevated oxidative stress has been demonstrated to be strictly related to kidney and cardiac damage as it aggravates kidney dysfunction and induces cardiac hypertrophy. Antioxidant therapies may prove to be beneficial since they can decrease oxidative stress, reduce uremic cardiovascular toxicity and improve survival.
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spelling pubmed-76939892020-11-28 Oxidative Stress in ESRD Patients on Dialysis and the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases Rysz, Jacek Franczyk, Beata Ławiński, Janusz Gluba-Brzózka, Anna Antioxidants (Basel) Review Chronic kidney disease is highly prevalent worldwide. The decline of renal function is associated with inadequate removal of a variety of uremic toxins that exert detrimental effects on cells functioning, thus affecting the cardiovascular system. The occurrence of cardiovascular aberrations in CKD is related to the impact of traditional risk factors and non-traditional CKD-associated risk factors, including anemia; inflammation; oxidative stress; the presence of some uremic toxins; and factors related to the type, frequency of dialysis and the composition of dialysis fluid. Cardiovascular diseases are the most frequent cause for the deaths of patients with all stages of renal failure. The kidney is one of the vital sources of antioxidant enzymes, therefore, the impairment of this organ is associated with decreased levels of these enzymes as well as increased levels of pro-oxidants. Uremic toxins have been shown to play a vital role in the onset of oxidative stress. Hemodialysis itself also enhances oxidative stress. Elevated oxidative stress has been demonstrated to be strictly related to kidney and cardiac damage as it aggravates kidney dysfunction and induces cardiac hypertrophy. Antioxidant therapies may prove to be beneficial since they can decrease oxidative stress, reduce uremic cardiovascular toxicity and improve survival. MDPI 2020-11-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7693989/ /pubmed/33153174 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9111079 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Rysz, Jacek
Franczyk, Beata
Ławiński, Janusz
Gluba-Brzózka, Anna
Oxidative Stress in ESRD Patients on Dialysis and the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases
title Oxidative Stress in ESRD Patients on Dialysis and the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases
title_full Oxidative Stress in ESRD Patients on Dialysis and the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases
title_fullStr Oxidative Stress in ESRD Patients on Dialysis and the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases
title_full_unstemmed Oxidative Stress in ESRD Patients on Dialysis and the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases
title_short Oxidative Stress in ESRD Patients on Dialysis and the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases
title_sort oxidative stress in esrd patients on dialysis and the risk of cardiovascular diseases
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7693989/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33153174
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9111079
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