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Probiotics Modulate Tilapia Resistance and Immune Response against Tilapia Lake Virus Infection

Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) causes an emerging viral disease associated with high mortality and economic damage in tilapia farming around the world. The use of probiotics in aquaculture has been suggested as an alternative to antibiotics and drugs to reduce the negative impact of bacterial and viral i...

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Autores principales: Waiyamitra, Pitchaporn, Zoral, Mehmet Arif, Saengtienchai, Aksorn, Luengnaruemitchai, Amorn, Decamp, Olivier, Gorgoglione, Bartolomeo, Surachetpong, Win
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7694748/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33172079
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9110919
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author Waiyamitra, Pitchaporn
Zoral, Mehmet Arif
Saengtienchai, Aksorn
Luengnaruemitchai, Amorn
Decamp, Olivier
Gorgoglione, Bartolomeo
Surachetpong, Win
author_facet Waiyamitra, Pitchaporn
Zoral, Mehmet Arif
Saengtienchai, Aksorn
Luengnaruemitchai, Amorn
Decamp, Olivier
Gorgoglione, Bartolomeo
Surachetpong, Win
author_sort Waiyamitra, Pitchaporn
collection PubMed
description Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) causes an emerging viral disease associated with high mortality and economic damage in tilapia farming around the world. The use of probiotics in aquaculture has been suggested as an alternative to antibiotics and drugs to reduce the negative impact of bacterial and viral infections. In this study, we investigate the effect of probiotic Bacillus spp. supplementation on mortality, viral load, and expression of immune-related genes in red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) upon TiLV infection. Fish were divided into three groups, and fed with: control diet, 0.5% probiotics-supplemented diet, and 1% probiotics-supplemented diet. After 21 days of experimental feeding, the three groups were infected with TiLV and monitored for mortality and growth performances, while organs were sampled at different time points to measure viral load and the transcription modulation of immune response markers. No significant difference was found among the groups in terms of weight gain (WG), average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency (FE), or feed conversion ratio (FCR). A lower cumulative mortality was retrieved from fish fed 0.5% and 1% probiotics (25% and 24%, respectively), compared to the control group (32%). Moreover, fish fed with 1% probiotic diet had a significantly lower viral load, than those fed with 0.5% probiotic and control diet at 5, 6, 9, and 12 days post infection-challenge (dpc). The expression patterns of immune-related genes, including il-8 (also known as CXCL8), ifn-γ, irf-3, mx, rsad-2 (also known as VIPERIN) showed significant upregulation upon probiotic treatment during the peak of TiLV pathogenesis (between 9 and 12 dpc) and during most of the study period in fish fed with 1% probiotics-supplemented diet. Taken together, these findings indicate that dietary supplementation using Bacillus spp. probiotics may have beneficial effects to strengthen tilapia immunity and resistance against TiLV infections. Therefore, probiotic treatments may be preventively administered to reduce losses caused by this emerging viral infection in tilapia aquaculture.
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spelling pubmed-76947482020-11-28 Probiotics Modulate Tilapia Resistance and Immune Response against Tilapia Lake Virus Infection Waiyamitra, Pitchaporn Zoral, Mehmet Arif Saengtienchai, Aksorn Luengnaruemitchai, Amorn Decamp, Olivier Gorgoglione, Bartolomeo Surachetpong, Win Pathogens Article Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) causes an emerging viral disease associated with high mortality and economic damage in tilapia farming around the world. The use of probiotics in aquaculture has been suggested as an alternative to antibiotics and drugs to reduce the negative impact of bacterial and viral infections. In this study, we investigate the effect of probiotic Bacillus spp. supplementation on mortality, viral load, and expression of immune-related genes in red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) upon TiLV infection. Fish were divided into three groups, and fed with: control diet, 0.5% probiotics-supplemented diet, and 1% probiotics-supplemented diet. After 21 days of experimental feeding, the three groups were infected with TiLV and monitored for mortality and growth performances, while organs were sampled at different time points to measure viral load and the transcription modulation of immune response markers. No significant difference was found among the groups in terms of weight gain (WG), average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency (FE), or feed conversion ratio (FCR). A lower cumulative mortality was retrieved from fish fed 0.5% and 1% probiotics (25% and 24%, respectively), compared to the control group (32%). Moreover, fish fed with 1% probiotic diet had a significantly lower viral load, than those fed with 0.5% probiotic and control diet at 5, 6, 9, and 12 days post infection-challenge (dpc). The expression patterns of immune-related genes, including il-8 (also known as CXCL8), ifn-γ, irf-3, mx, rsad-2 (also known as VIPERIN) showed significant upregulation upon probiotic treatment during the peak of TiLV pathogenesis (between 9 and 12 dpc) and during most of the study period in fish fed with 1% probiotics-supplemented diet. Taken together, these findings indicate that dietary supplementation using Bacillus spp. probiotics may have beneficial effects to strengthen tilapia immunity and resistance against TiLV infections. Therefore, probiotic treatments may be preventively administered to reduce losses caused by this emerging viral infection in tilapia aquaculture. MDPI 2020-11-06 /pmc/articles/PMC7694748/ /pubmed/33172079 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9110919 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Waiyamitra, Pitchaporn
Zoral, Mehmet Arif
Saengtienchai, Aksorn
Luengnaruemitchai, Amorn
Decamp, Olivier
Gorgoglione, Bartolomeo
Surachetpong, Win
Probiotics Modulate Tilapia Resistance and Immune Response against Tilapia Lake Virus Infection
title Probiotics Modulate Tilapia Resistance and Immune Response against Tilapia Lake Virus Infection
title_full Probiotics Modulate Tilapia Resistance and Immune Response against Tilapia Lake Virus Infection
title_fullStr Probiotics Modulate Tilapia Resistance and Immune Response against Tilapia Lake Virus Infection
title_full_unstemmed Probiotics Modulate Tilapia Resistance and Immune Response against Tilapia Lake Virus Infection
title_short Probiotics Modulate Tilapia Resistance and Immune Response against Tilapia Lake Virus Infection
title_sort probiotics modulate tilapia resistance and immune response against tilapia lake virus infection
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7694748/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33172079
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9110919
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