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Wild Isolates of Neurospora crassa Reveal Three Conidiophore Architectural Phenotypes

The vegetative life cycle in the model filamentous fungus, Neurospora crassa, relies on the development of conidiophores to produce new spores. Environmental, temporal, and genetic components of conidiophore development have been well characterized; however, little is known about their morphological...

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Autores principales: Krach, Emily K., Wu, Yue, Skaro, Michael, Mao, Leidong, Arnold, Jonathan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7695285/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33182369
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8111760
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author Krach, Emily K.
Wu, Yue
Skaro, Michael
Mao, Leidong
Arnold, Jonathan
author_facet Krach, Emily K.
Wu, Yue
Skaro, Michael
Mao, Leidong
Arnold, Jonathan
author_sort Krach, Emily K.
collection PubMed
description The vegetative life cycle in the model filamentous fungus, Neurospora crassa, relies on the development of conidiophores to produce new spores. Environmental, temporal, and genetic components of conidiophore development have been well characterized; however, little is known about their morphological variation. We explored conidiophore architectural variation in a natural population using a wild population collection of 21 strains from Louisiana, United States of America (USA). Our work reveals three novel architectural phenotypes, Wild Type, Bulky, and Wrap, and shows their maintenance throughout the duration of conidiophore development. Furthermore, we present a novel image-classifier using a convolutional neural network specifically developed to assign conidiophore architectural phenotypes in a high-throughput manner. To estimate an inheritance model for this discrete complex trait, crosses between strains of each phenotype were conducted, and conidiophores of subsequent progeny were characterized using the trained classifier. Our model suggests that conidiophore architecture is controlled by at least two genes and has a heritability of 0.23. Additionally, we quantified the number of conidia produced by each conidiophore type and their dispersion distance, suggesting that conidiophore architectural phenotype may impact N. crassa colonization capacity.
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spelling pubmed-76952852020-11-28 Wild Isolates of Neurospora crassa Reveal Three Conidiophore Architectural Phenotypes Krach, Emily K. Wu, Yue Skaro, Michael Mao, Leidong Arnold, Jonathan Microorganisms Article The vegetative life cycle in the model filamentous fungus, Neurospora crassa, relies on the development of conidiophores to produce new spores. Environmental, temporal, and genetic components of conidiophore development have been well characterized; however, little is known about their morphological variation. We explored conidiophore architectural variation in a natural population using a wild population collection of 21 strains from Louisiana, United States of America (USA). Our work reveals three novel architectural phenotypes, Wild Type, Bulky, and Wrap, and shows their maintenance throughout the duration of conidiophore development. Furthermore, we present a novel image-classifier using a convolutional neural network specifically developed to assign conidiophore architectural phenotypes in a high-throughput manner. To estimate an inheritance model for this discrete complex trait, crosses between strains of each phenotype were conducted, and conidiophores of subsequent progeny were characterized using the trained classifier. Our model suggests that conidiophore architecture is controlled by at least two genes and has a heritability of 0.23. Additionally, we quantified the number of conidia produced by each conidiophore type and their dispersion distance, suggesting that conidiophore architectural phenotype may impact N. crassa colonization capacity. MDPI 2020-11-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7695285/ /pubmed/33182369 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8111760 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Krach, Emily K.
Wu, Yue
Skaro, Michael
Mao, Leidong
Arnold, Jonathan
Wild Isolates of Neurospora crassa Reveal Three Conidiophore Architectural Phenotypes
title Wild Isolates of Neurospora crassa Reveal Three Conidiophore Architectural Phenotypes
title_full Wild Isolates of Neurospora crassa Reveal Three Conidiophore Architectural Phenotypes
title_fullStr Wild Isolates of Neurospora crassa Reveal Three Conidiophore Architectural Phenotypes
title_full_unstemmed Wild Isolates of Neurospora crassa Reveal Three Conidiophore Architectural Phenotypes
title_short Wild Isolates of Neurospora crassa Reveal Three Conidiophore Architectural Phenotypes
title_sort wild isolates of neurospora crassa reveal three conidiophore architectural phenotypes
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7695285/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33182369
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8111760
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