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Functional Diversification of the Dihydroflavonol 4-Reductase from Camellia nitidissima Chi. in the Control of Polyphenol Biosynthesis
Plant secondary metabolism is complex in its diverse chemical composition and dynamic regulation of biosynthesis. How the functional diversification of enzymes contributes to the diversity is largely unknown. In the flavonoids pathway, dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) is a key enzyme mediating dihy...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7696568/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33198369 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11111341 |
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author | Jiang, Lina Fan, Zhengqi Tong, Ran Zhou, Xingwen Li, Jiyuan Yin, Hengfu |
author_facet | Jiang, Lina Fan, Zhengqi Tong, Ran Zhou, Xingwen Li, Jiyuan Yin, Hengfu |
author_sort | Jiang, Lina |
collection | PubMed |
description | Plant secondary metabolism is complex in its diverse chemical composition and dynamic regulation of biosynthesis. How the functional diversification of enzymes contributes to the diversity is largely unknown. In the flavonoids pathway, dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) is a key enzyme mediating dihydroflavanol into anthocyanins biosynthesis. Here, the DFR homolog was identified from Camellia nitidissima Chi. (CnDFR) which is a unique species of the genus Camellia with golden yellow petals. Sequence analysis showed that CnDFR possessed not only conserved catalytic domains, but also some amino acids peculiar to Camellia species. Gene expression analysis revealed that CnDFR was expressed in all tissues and the expression of CnDFR was positively correlated with polyphenols but negatively with yellow coloration. The subcellular localization of CnDFR by the tobacco infiltration assay showed a likely dual localization in the nucleus and cell membrane. Furthermore, overexpression transgenic lines were generated in tobacco to understand the molecular function of CnDFR. The analyses of metabolites suggested that ectopic expression of CnDFR enhanced the biosynthesis of polyphenols, while no accumulation of anthocyanins was detected. These results indicate a functional diversification of the reductase activities in Camellia plants and provide molecular insights into the regulation of floral color. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7696568 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-76965682020-11-29 Functional Diversification of the Dihydroflavonol 4-Reductase from Camellia nitidissima Chi. in the Control of Polyphenol Biosynthesis Jiang, Lina Fan, Zhengqi Tong, Ran Zhou, Xingwen Li, Jiyuan Yin, Hengfu Genes (Basel) Article Plant secondary metabolism is complex in its diverse chemical composition and dynamic regulation of biosynthesis. How the functional diversification of enzymes contributes to the diversity is largely unknown. In the flavonoids pathway, dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) is a key enzyme mediating dihydroflavanol into anthocyanins biosynthesis. Here, the DFR homolog was identified from Camellia nitidissima Chi. (CnDFR) which is a unique species of the genus Camellia with golden yellow petals. Sequence analysis showed that CnDFR possessed not only conserved catalytic domains, but also some amino acids peculiar to Camellia species. Gene expression analysis revealed that CnDFR was expressed in all tissues and the expression of CnDFR was positively correlated with polyphenols but negatively with yellow coloration. The subcellular localization of CnDFR by the tobacco infiltration assay showed a likely dual localization in the nucleus and cell membrane. Furthermore, overexpression transgenic lines were generated in tobacco to understand the molecular function of CnDFR. The analyses of metabolites suggested that ectopic expression of CnDFR enhanced the biosynthesis of polyphenols, while no accumulation of anthocyanins was detected. These results indicate a functional diversification of the reductase activities in Camellia plants and provide molecular insights into the regulation of floral color. MDPI 2020-11-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7696568/ /pubmed/33198369 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11111341 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Jiang, Lina Fan, Zhengqi Tong, Ran Zhou, Xingwen Li, Jiyuan Yin, Hengfu Functional Diversification of the Dihydroflavonol 4-Reductase from Camellia nitidissima Chi. in the Control of Polyphenol Biosynthesis |
title | Functional Diversification of the Dihydroflavonol 4-Reductase from Camellia nitidissima Chi. in the Control of Polyphenol Biosynthesis |
title_full | Functional Diversification of the Dihydroflavonol 4-Reductase from Camellia nitidissima Chi. in the Control of Polyphenol Biosynthesis |
title_fullStr | Functional Diversification of the Dihydroflavonol 4-Reductase from Camellia nitidissima Chi. in the Control of Polyphenol Biosynthesis |
title_full_unstemmed | Functional Diversification of the Dihydroflavonol 4-Reductase from Camellia nitidissima Chi. in the Control of Polyphenol Biosynthesis |
title_short | Functional Diversification of the Dihydroflavonol 4-Reductase from Camellia nitidissima Chi. in the Control of Polyphenol Biosynthesis |
title_sort | functional diversification of the dihydroflavonol 4-reductase from camellia nitidissima chi. in the control of polyphenol biosynthesis |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7696568/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33198369 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11111341 |
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