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Emerging Concepts of Hybrid Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer Progression

Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex process through which epithelial (E) cells lose their adherens junctions, transform into mesenchymal (M) cells and attain motility, leading to metastasis at distant organs. Nowadays, the concept of EMT has shifted from a binary phase of interconve...

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Autores principales: Sinha, Dona, Saha, Priyanka, Samanta, Anurima, Bishayee, Anupam
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7697085/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33207810
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10111561
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author Sinha, Dona
Saha, Priyanka
Samanta, Anurima
Bishayee, Anupam
author_facet Sinha, Dona
Saha, Priyanka
Samanta, Anurima
Bishayee, Anupam
author_sort Sinha, Dona
collection PubMed
description Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex process through which epithelial (E) cells lose their adherens junctions, transform into mesenchymal (M) cells and attain motility, leading to metastasis at distant organs. Nowadays, the concept of EMT has shifted from a binary phase of interconversion of pure E to M cells and vice versa to a spectrum of E/M transition states preferably coined as hybrid/partial/intermediate EMT. Hybrid EMT, being a plastic transient state, harbours cells which co-express both E and M markers and exhibit high tumourigenic properties, leading to stemness, metastasis, and therapy resistance. Several preclinical and clinical studies provided the evidence of co-existence of E/M phenotypes. Regulators including transcription factors, epigenetic regulators and phenotypic stability factors (PSFs) help in maintaining the hybrid state. Computational and bioinformatics approaches may be excellent for identifying new factors or combinations of regulatory elements that govern the different EMT transition states. Therapeutic intervention against hybrid E/M cells, though few, may evolve as a rational strategy against metastasis and drug resistance. This review has attempted to present the recent advancements on the concept and regulation of the process of hybrid EMT which generates hybrid E/M phenotypes, evidence of intermediate EMT in both preclinical and clinical setup, impact of partial EMT on promoting tumourigenesis, and future strategies which might be adapted to tackle this phenomenon.
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spelling pubmed-76970852020-11-29 Emerging Concepts of Hybrid Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer Progression Sinha, Dona Saha, Priyanka Samanta, Anurima Bishayee, Anupam Biomolecules Review Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex process through which epithelial (E) cells lose their adherens junctions, transform into mesenchymal (M) cells and attain motility, leading to metastasis at distant organs. Nowadays, the concept of EMT has shifted from a binary phase of interconversion of pure E to M cells and vice versa to a spectrum of E/M transition states preferably coined as hybrid/partial/intermediate EMT. Hybrid EMT, being a plastic transient state, harbours cells which co-express both E and M markers and exhibit high tumourigenic properties, leading to stemness, metastasis, and therapy resistance. Several preclinical and clinical studies provided the evidence of co-existence of E/M phenotypes. Regulators including transcription factors, epigenetic regulators and phenotypic stability factors (PSFs) help in maintaining the hybrid state. Computational and bioinformatics approaches may be excellent for identifying new factors or combinations of regulatory elements that govern the different EMT transition states. Therapeutic intervention against hybrid E/M cells, though few, may evolve as a rational strategy against metastasis and drug resistance. This review has attempted to present the recent advancements on the concept and regulation of the process of hybrid EMT which generates hybrid E/M phenotypes, evidence of intermediate EMT in both preclinical and clinical setup, impact of partial EMT on promoting tumourigenesis, and future strategies which might be adapted to tackle this phenomenon. MDPI 2020-11-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7697085/ /pubmed/33207810 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10111561 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Sinha, Dona
Saha, Priyanka
Samanta, Anurima
Bishayee, Anupam
Emerging Concepts of Hybrid Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer Progression
title Emerging Concepts of Hybrid Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer Progression
title_full Emerging Concepts of Hybrid Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer Progression
title_fullStr Emerging Concepts of Hybrid Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer Progression
title_full_unstemmed Emerging Concepts of Hybrid Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer Progression
title_short Emerging Concepts of Hybrid Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer Progression
title_sort emerging concepts of hybrid epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancer progression
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7697085/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33207810
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10111561
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