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Development of a Portable All-Wavelength PPG Sensing Device for Robust Adaptive-Depth Measurement: A Spectrometer Approach with a Hydrostatic Measurement Example

Photoplethysmography (PPG), a noninvasive optical sensing technology, has been widely used to measure various physiological indices. Over-the-counter PPG devices are typically composed of a single-wavelength light source, namely, single-wavelength PPG (SW-PPG). It is known that signals of SW-PPG are...

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Autores principales: Chen, Shao-Hao, Chuang, Yung-Chi, Chang, Cheng-Chun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7698030/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33212798
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20226556
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author Chen, Shao-Hao
Chuang, Yung-Chi
Chang, Cheng-Chun
author_facet Chen, Shao-Hao
Chuang, Yung-Chi
Chang, Cheng-Chun
author_sort Chen, Shao-Hao
collection PubMed
description Photoplethysmography (PPG), a noninvasive optical sensing technology, has been widely used to measure various physiological indices. Over-the-counter PPG devices are typically composed of a single-wavelength light source, namely, single-wavelength PPG (SW-PPG). It is known that signals of SW-PPG are easily contaminated or distorted by measurement conditions such as motion artifacts, wearing pressure, and skin type. Since lights of different wavelengths can penetrate skin tissues at different depths, how to effectively construct a multiwavelength PPG (MW-PPG) device or even an all-wavelength PPG (AW-PPG) device has attracted great attention. There is also a very interesting question, that is, what could be the potential benefits of using MW-PPG or AW-PPG devices? This paper demonstrates the construction of an AW-PPG portable device and conducts a preliminary evaluation. The presented device consists of four light-emitting diodes, a chip-scale spectrometer, a microcontroller, a Bluetooth Low Energy transceiver, and a phone app. The maximum ratio combining algorithm (MRC) is used to combine the PPG signals derived from different wavelengths to achieve a better signal-to-noise ratio (S/N). The PPG signals from the developed MRC-AW-PPG device versus those from the conventional SW-PPG device are compared in terms of different hydrostatic pressure conditions. It has been observed that the MRC-AW-PPG device can provide more stable PPG signals than that of a conventional PPG device. The results shine a light on the potential benefits of using multiple wavelengths for the next generation of noninvasive PPG sensing.
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spelling pubmed-76980302020-11-29 Development of a Portable All-Wavelength PPG Sensing Device for Robust Adaptive-Depth Measurement: A Spectrometer Approach with a Hydrostatic Measurement Example Chen, Shao-Hao Chuang, Yung-Chi Chang, Cheng-Chun Sensors (Basel) Letter Photoplethysmography (PPG), a noninvasive optical sensing technology, has been widely used to measure various physiological indices. Over-the-counter PPG devices are typically composed of a single-wavelength light source, namely, single-wavelength PPG (SW-PPG). It is known that signals of SW-PPG are easily contaminated or distorted by measurement conditions such as motion artifacts, wearing pressure, and skin type. Since lights of different wavelengths can penetrate skin tissues at different depths, how to effectively construct a multiwavelength PPG (MW-PPG) device or even an all-wavelength PPG (AW-PPG) device has attracted great attention. There is also a very interesting question, that is, what could be the potential benefits of using MW-PPG or AW-PPG devices? This paper demonstrates the construction of an AW-PPG portable device and conducts a preliminary evaluation. The presented device consists of four light-emitting diodes, a chip-scale spectrometer, a microcontroller, a Bluetooth Low Energy transceiver, and a phone app. The maximum ratio combining algorithm (MRC) is used to combine the PPG signals derived from different wavelengths to achieve a better signal-to-noise ratio (S/N). The PPG signals from the developed MRC-AW-PPG device versus those from the conventional SW-PPG device are compared in terms of different hydrostatic pressure conditions. It has been observed that the MRC-AW-PPG device can provide more stable PPG signals than that of a conventional PPG device. The results shine a light on the potential benefits of using multiple wavelengths for the next generation of noninvasive PPG sensing. MDPI 2020-11-17 /pmc/articles/PMC7698030/ /pubmed/33212798 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20226556 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Letter
Chen, Shao-Hao
Chuang, Yung-Chi
Chang, Cheng-Chun
Development of a Portable All-Wavelength PPG Sensing Device for Robust Adaptive-Depth Measurement: A Spectrometer Approach with a Hydrostatic Measurement Example
title Development of a Portable All-Wavelength PPG Sensing Device for Robust Adaptive-Depth Measurement: A Spectrometer Approach with a Hydrostatic Measurement Example
title_full Development of a Portable All-Wavelength PPG Sensing Device for Robust Adaptive-Depth Measurement: A Spectrometer Approach with a Hydrostatic Measurement Example
title_fullStr Development of a Portable All-Wavelength PPG Sensing Device for Robust Adaptive-Depth Measurement: A Spectrometer Approach with a Hydrostatic Measurement Example
title_full_unstemmed Development of a Portable All-Wavelength PPG Sensing Device for Robust Adaptive-Depth Measurement: A Spectrometer Approach with a Hydrostatic Measurement Example
title_short Development of a Portable All-Wavelength PPG Sensing Device for Robust Adaptive-Depth Measurement: A Spectrometer Approach with a Hydrostatic Measurement Example
title_sort development of a portable all-wavelength ppg sensing device for robust adaptive-depth measurement: a spectrometer approach with a hydrostatic measurement example
topic Letter
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7698030/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33212798
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20226556
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