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Identification of Vaginal Microbial Communities Associated with Extreme Cervical Shortening in Pregnant Women

The vaginal microbiota plays a critical role in pregnancy. Bacteria from Lactobacillus spp. are thought to maintain immune homeostasis and modulate the inflammatory responses against pathogens implicated in cervical shortening, one of the risk factors for spontaneous preterm birth. We studied vagina...

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Autores principales: Di Paola, Monica, Seravalli, Viola, Paccosi, Sara, Linari, Carlotta, Parenti, Astrid, De Filippo, Carlotta, Tanturli, Michele, Vitali, Francesco, Torcia, Maria Gabriella, Di Tommaso, Mariarosaria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7698214/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33182750
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9113621
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author Di Paola, Monica
Seravalli, Viola
Paccosi, Sara
Linari, Carlotta
Parenti, Astrid
De Filippo, Carlotta
Tanturli, Michele
Vitali, Francesco
Torcia, Maria Gabriella
Di Tommaso, Mariarosaria
author_facet Di Paola, Monica
Seravalli, Viola
Paccosi, Sara
Linari, Carlotta
Parenti, Astrid
De Filippo, Carlotta
Tanturli, Michele
Vitali, Francesco
Torcia, Maria Gabriella
Di Tommaso, Mariarosaria
author_sort Di Paola, Monica
collection PubMed
description The vaginal microbiota plays a critical role in pregnancy. Bacteria from Lactobacillus spp. are thought to maintain immune homeostasis and modulate the inflammatory responses against pathogens implicated in cervical shortening, one of the risk factors for spontaneous preterm birth. We studied vaginal microbiota in 46 pregnant women of predominantly Caucasian ethnicity diagnosed with short cervix (<25 mm), and identified microbial communities associated with extreme cervical shortening (≤10 mm). Vaginal microbiota was defined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and clustered into community state types (CSTs), based on dominance or depletion of Lactobacillus spp. No correlation between CSTs distribution and maternal age or gestational age was revealed. CST-IV, dominated by aerobic and anaerobic bacteria different than Lactobacilli, was associated with extreme cervical shortening (odds ratio (OR) = 15.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.56–14.21; p = 0.019). CST-III (L. iners-dominated) was also associated with extreme cervical shortening (OR = 6.4, 95% CI = 1.32–31.03; p = 0.02). Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was diagnosed in 10/46 women. Bacterial richness was significantly higher in women experiencing this metabolic disorder, but no association with cervical shortening was revealed by statistical analysis. Our study confirms that Lactobacillus-depleted microbiota is significantly associated with an extremely short cervix in women of predominantly Caucasian ethnicity, and also suggests an association between L. iners-dominated microbiota (CST III) and cervical shortening.
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spelling pubmed-76982142020-11-29 Identification of Vaginal Microbial Communities Associated with Extreme Cervical Shortening in Pregnant Women Di Paola, Monica Seravalli, Viola Paccosi, Sara Linari, Carlotta Parenti, Astrid De Filippo, Carlotta Tanturli, Michele Vitali, Francesco Torcia, Maria Gabriella Di Tommaso, Mariarosaria J Clin Med Article The vaginal microbiota plays a critical role in pregnancy. Bacteria from Lactobacillus spp. are thought to maintain immune homeostasis and modulate the inflammatory responses against pathogens implicated in cervical shortening, one of the risk factors for spontaneous preterm birth. We studied vaginal microbiota in 46 pregnant women of predominantly Caucasian ethnicity diagnosed with short cervix (<25 mm), and identified microbial communities associated with extreme cervical shortening (≤10 mm). Vaginal microbiota was defined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and clustered into community state types (CSTs), based on dominance or depletion of Lactobacillus spp. No correlation between CSTs distribution and maternal age or gestational age was revealed. CST-IV, dominated by aerobic and anaerobic bacteria different than Lactobacilli, was associated with extreme cervical shortening (odds ratio (OR) = 15.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.56–14.21; p = 0.019). CST-III (L. iners-dominated) was also associated with extreme cervical shortening (OR = 6.4, 95% CI = 1.32–31.03; p = 0.02). Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was diagnosed in 10/46 women. Bacterial richness was significantly higher in women experiencing this metabolic disorder, but no association with cervical shortening was revealed by statistical analysis. Our study confirms that Lactobacillus-depleted microbiota is significantly associated with an extremely short cervix in women of predominantly Caucasian ethnicity, and also suggests an association between L. iners-dominated microbiota (CST III) and cervical shortening. MDPI 2020-11-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7698214/ /pubmed/33182750 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9113621 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Di Paola, Monica
Seravalli, Viola
Paccosi, Sara
Linari, Carlotta
Parenti, Astrid
De Filippo, Carlotta
Tanturli, Michele
Vitali, Francesco
Torcia, Maria Gabriella
Di Tommaso, Mariarosaria
Identification of Vaginal Microbial Communities Associated with Extreme Cervical Shortening in Pregnant Women
title Identification of Vaginal Microbial Communities Associated with Extreme Cervical Shortening in Pregnant Women
title_full Identification of Vaginal Microbial Communities Associated with Extreme Cervical Shortening in Pregnant Women
title_fullStr Identification of Vaginal Microbial Communities Associated with Extreme Cervical Shortening in Pregnant Women
title_full_unstemmed Identification of Vaginal Microbial Communities Associated with Extreme Cervical Shortening in Pregnant Women
title_short Identification of Vaginal Microbial Communities Associated with Extreme Cervical Shortening in Pregnant Women
title_sort identification of vaginal microbial communities associated with extreme cervical shortening in pregnant women
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7698214/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33182750
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9113621
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