Cargando…

Amoebae in Chronic, Polymicrobial Endodontic Infections Are Associated with Altered Microbial Communities of Increased Virulence

Background: Infections of the root canal space involve polymicrobial biofilms and lead to chronic, low grade inflammatory responses arising from the seeding of microbes and by-products. Acute exacerbation and/or disseminating infections occur when established microbial communities undergo sudden cha...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Koller, Garrit, Foschi, Federico, Mitchell, Philip, Witherden, Elizabeth, Bruce, Kenneth, Mannocci, Francesco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7698792/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33218015
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9113700
_version_ 1783615910888603648
author Koller, Garrit
Foschi, Federico
Mitchell, Philip
Witherden, Elizabeth
Bruce, Kenneth
Mannocci, Francesco
author_facet Koller, Garrit
Foschi, Federico
Mitchell, Philip
Witherden, Elizabeth
Bruce, Kenneth
Mannocci, Francesco
author_sort Koller, Garrit
collection PubMed
description Background: Infections of the root canal space involve polymicrobial biofilms and lead to chronic, low grade inflammatory responses arising from the seeding of microbes and by-products. Acute exacerbation and/or disseminating infections occur when established microbial communities undergo sudden changes in phenotypic behaviour. Methods: Within clinical endodontic infections, we assessedcategorical determinants comprising, and changing microbial composition of, chronic polymicrobial infections and their association with amoebae. After standardised assessment, primary or secondary infections underwent sampling and DNA processing, targeting bacteria, fungi and amoebae, including 16S high-throughput sequencing. After taxonomic assignment, community composition was correlated with clinical signs and symptoms. Diversity and abundance analyses were carried out in relation to the presence of non-bacterial amplicons. Results: Clinical specimens revealed two distinct community clusters, where specific changes correlated with clinical signs. An association between the compositions of microbiomes was found between these groups and the presence of Entamoeba gingivalis in 44% of cases. When amoebae were present in endodontic infections, we demonstrate changes in microbial community structure that mirror those observed in treatment-resistant or recurrent infections. Conclusions: Amoeba are present in endodontic infections at a high prevalence, and may promote increased virulence by enrichment for phagocytosis-resistant bacteria.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7698792
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-76987922020-11-29 Amoebae in Chronic, Polymicrobial Endodontic Infections Are Associated with Altered Microbial Communities of Increased Virulence Koller, Garrit Foschi, Federico Mitchell, Philip Witherden, Elizabeth Bruce, Kenneth Mannocci, Francesco J Clin Med Article Background: Infections of the root canal space involve polymicrobial biofilms and lead to chronic, low grade inflammatory responses arising from the seeding of microbes and by-products. Acute exacerbation and/or disseminating infections occur when established microbial communities undergo sudden changes in phenotypic behaviour. Methods: Within clinical endodontic infections, we assessedcategorical determinants comprising, and changing microbial composition of, chronic polymicrobial infections and their association with amoebae. After standardised assessment, primary or secondary infections underwent sampling and DNA processing, targeting bacteria, fungi and amoebae, including 16S high-throughput sequencing. After taxonomic assignment, community composition was correlated with clinical signs and symptoms. Diversity and abundance analyses were carried out in relation to the presence of non-bacterial amplicons. Results: Clinical specimens revealed two distinct community clusters, where specific changes correlated with clinical signs. An association between the compositions of microbiomes was found between these groups and the presence of Entamoeba gingivalis in 44% of cases. When amoebae were present in endodontic infections, we demonstrate changes in microbial community structure that mirror those observed in treatment-resistant or recurrent infections. Conclusions: Amoeba are present in endodontic infections at a high prevalence, and may promote increased virulence by enrichment for phagocytosis-resistant bacteria. MDPI 2020-11-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7698792/ /pubmed/33218015 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9113700 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Koller, Garrit
Foschi, Federico
Mitchell, Philip
Witherden, Elizabeth
Bruce, Kenneth
Mannocci, Francesco
Amoebae in Chronic, Polymicrobial Endodontic Infections Are Associated with Altered Microbial Communities of Increased Virulence
title Amoebae in Chronic, Polymicrobial Endodontic Infections Are Associated with Altered Microbial Communities of Increased Virulence
title_full Amoebae in Chronic, Polymicrobial Endodontic Infections Are Associated with Altered Microbial Communities of Increased Virulence
title_fullStr Amoebae in Chronic, Polymicrobial Endodontic Infections Are Associated with Altered Microbial Communities of Increased Virulence
title_full_unstemmed Amoebae in Chronic, Polymicrobial Endodontic Infections Are Associated with Altered Microbial Communities of Increased Virulence
title_short Amoebae in Chronic, Polymicrobial Endodontic Infections Are Associated with Altered Microbial Communities of Increased Virulence
title_sort amoebae in chronic, polymicrobial endodontic infections are associated with altered microbial communities of increased virulence
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7698792/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33218015
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9113700
work_keys_str_mv AT kollergarrit amoebaeinchronicpolymicrobialendodonticinfectionsareassociatedwithalteredmicrobialcommunitiesofincreasedvirulence
AT foschifederico amoebaeinchronicpolymicrobialendodonticinfectionsareassociatedwithalteredmicrobialcommunitiesofincreasedvirulence
AT mitchellphilip amoebaeinchronicpolymicrobialendodonticinfectionsareassociatedwithalteredmicrobialcommunitiesofincreasedvirulence
AT witherdenelizabeth amoebaeinchronicpolymicrobialendodonticinfectionsareassociatedwithalteredmicrobialcommunitiesofincreasedvirulence
AT brucekenneth amoebaeinchronicpolymicrobialendodonticinfectionsareassociatedwithalteredmicrobialcommunitiesofincreasedvirulence
AT mannoccifrancesco amoebaeinchronicpolymicrobialendodonticinfectionsareassociatedwithalteredmicrobialcommunitiesofincreasedvirulence