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Frequency of Breakfast, Lunch, and Dinner and Incidence of Proteinuria: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Although multiple studies have revealed a close association of skipping breakfast with cardiometabolic diseases, few studies have reported its association with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Furthermore, there is scant reporting on the clinical impacts that skipping lunch and dinner has on cardiometa...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7699477/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33228218 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12113549 |
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author | Tomi, Ryohei Yamamoto, Ryohei Shinzawa, Maki Kimura, Yoshiki Fujii, Yoshiyuki Aoki, Katsunori Ozaki, Shingo Yoshimura, Ryuichi Taneike, Manabu Nakanishi, Kaori Nishida, Makoto Yamauchi-Takihara, Keiko Kudo, Takashi Isaka, Yoshitaka Moriyama, Toshiki |
author_facet | Tomi, Ryohei Yamamoto, Ryohei Shinzawa, Maki Kimura, Yoshiki Fujii, Yoshiyuki Aoki, Katsunori Ozaki, Shingo Yoshimura, Ryuichi Taneike, Manabu Nakanishi, Kaori Nishida, Makoto Yamauchi-Takihara, Keiko Kudo, Takashi Isaka, Yoshitaka Moriyama, Toshiki |
author_sort | Tomi, Ryohei |
collection | PubMed |
description | Although multiple studies have revealed a close association of skipping breakfast with cardiometabolic diseases, few studies have reported its association with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Furthermore, there is scant reporting on the clinical impacts that skipping lunch and dinner has on cardiometabolic diseases and CKD. This retrospective cohort study, including 5439 female and 4674 male workers of a national university in Japan who underwent annual health checkups between January 2005 and March 2013, aimed to assess an association of frequencies of breakfast, lunch, and dinner with incidence of proteinuria (dipstick urinary protein ≥1+). The incidence of proteinuria was observed in 763 (14.0%) females and 617 (13.2%) males during the median 4.3 and 5.9 years of the observational period, respectively. In females, skipping breakfast as well as skipping dinner, but not lunch, were associated with the incidence of proteinuria (adjusted hazard ratios of breakfast frequency of “every day”, “sometimes”, and “rarely”: 1.00 (reference), 1.35 (1.09–1.66), and 1.54 (1.22–1.94), respectively; those of dinner frequency of “every day” and “≤sometimes”: 1.00 (reference) and 1.31 (1.00–1.72), respectively). However, no association was observed in male workers. Skipping breakfast and skipping dinner were identified as risk factors of proteinuria in females, but not in males. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7699477 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-76994772020-11-29 Frequency of Breakfast, Lunch, and Dinner and Incidence of Proteinuria: A Retrospective Cohort Study Tomi, Ryohei Yamamoto, Ryohei Shinzawa, Maki Kimura, Yoshiki Fujii, Yoshiyuki Aoki, Katsunori Ozaki, Shingo Yoshimura, Ryuichi Taneike, Manabu Nakanishi, Kaori Nishida, Makoto Yamauchi-Takihara, Keiko Kudo, Takashi Isaka, Yoshitaka Moriyama, Toshiki Nutrients Article Although multiple studies have revealed a close association of skipping breakfast with cardiometabolic diseases, few studies have reported its association with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Furthermore, there is scant reporting on the clinical impacts that skipping lunch and dinner has on cardiometabolic diseases and CKD. This retrospective cohort study, including 5439 female and 4674 male workers of a national university in Japan who underwent annual health checkups between January 2005 and March 2013, aimed to assess an association of frequencies of breakfast, lunch, and dinner with incidence of proteinuria (dipstick urinary protein ≥1+). The incidence of proteinuria was observed in 763 (14.0%) females and 617 (13.2%) males during the median 4.3 and 5.9 years of the observational period, respectively. In females, skipping breakfast as well as skipping dinner, but not lunch, were associated with the incidence of proteinuria (adjusted hazard ratios of breakfast frequency of “every day”, “sometimes”, and “rarely”: 1.00 (reference), 1.35 (1.09–1.66), and 1.54 (1.22–1.94), respectively; those of dinner frequency of “every day” and “≤sometimes”: 1.00 (reference) and 1.31 (1.00–1.72), respectively). However, no association was observed in male workers. Skipping breakfast and skipping dinner were identified as risk factors of proteinuria in females, but not in males. MDPI 2020-11-19 /pmc/articles/PMC7699477/ /pubmed/33228218 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12113549 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Tomi, Ryohei Yamamoto, Ryohei Shinzawa, Maki Kimura, Yoshiki Fujii, Yoshiyuki Aoki, Katsunori Ozaki, Shingo Yoshimura, Ryuichi Taneike, Manabu Nakanishi, Kaori Nishida, Makoto Yamauchi-Takihara, Keiko Kudo, Takashi Isaka, Yoshitaka Moriyama, Toshiki Frequency of Breakfast, Lunch, and Dinner and Incidence of Proteinuria: A Retrospective Cohort Study |
title | Frequency of Breakfast, Lunch, and Dinner and Incidence of Proteinuria: A Retrospective Cohort Study |
title_full | Frequency of Breakfast, Lunch, and Dinner and Incidence of Proteinuria: A Retrospective Cohort Study |
title_fullStr | Frequency of Breakfast, Lunch, and Dinner and Incidence of Proteinuria: A Retrospective Cohort Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Frequency of Breakfast, Lunch, and Dinner and Incidence of Proteinuria: A Retrospective Cohort Study |
title_short | Frequency of Breakfast, Lunch, and Dinner and Incidence of Proteinuria: A Retrospective Cohort Study |
title_sort | frequency of breakfast, lunch, and dinner and incidence of proteinuria: a retrospective cohort study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7699477/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33228218 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12113549 |
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