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Recent Discoveries on the Involvement of Krüppel-Like Factor 4 in the Most Common Cancer Types

Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a transcription factor highly conserved in evolution. It is particularly well known for its role in inducing pluripotent stem cells. In addition, KLF4 plays many roles in cancer. The results of most studies suggest that KLF4 is a tumor suppressor. However, the functio...

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Autores principales: Taracha-Wisniewska, Agnieszka, Kotarba, Grzegorz, Dworkin, Sebastian, Wilanowski, Tomasz
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7700188/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33266506
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21228843
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author Taracha-Wisniewska, Agnieszka
Kotarba, Grzegorz
Dworkin, Sebastian
Wilanowski, Tomasz
author_facet Taracha-Wisniewska, Agnieszka
Kotarba, Grzegorz
Dworkin, Sebastian
Wilanowski, Tomasz
author_sort Taracha-Wisniewska, Agnieszka
collection PubMed
description Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a transcription factor highly conserved in evolution. It is particularly well known for its role in inducing pluripotent stem cells. In addition, KLF4 plays many roles in cancer. The results of most studies suggest that KLF4 is a tumor suppressor. However, the functioning of KLF4 is regulated at many levels. These include regulation of transcription, alternative splicing, miRNA, post-translational modifications, subcellular localization, protein stability and interactions with other molecules. Simple experiments aimed at assaying transcript levels or protein levels fail to address this complexity and thus may deliver misleading results. Tumor subtypes are also important; for example, in prostate cancer KLF4 is highly expressed in indolent tumors where it impedes tumor progression, while it is absent from aggressive prostate tumors. KLF4 is important in regulating response to many known drugs, and it also plays a role in tumor microenvironment. More and more information is available about upstream regulators, downstream targets and signaling pathways associated with the involvement of KLF4 in cancer. Furthermore, KLF4 performs critical function in the overall regulation of tissue homeostasis, cellular integrity, and progression towards malignancy. Here we summarize and analyze the latest findings concerning this fascinating transcription factor.
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spelling pubmed-77001882020-11-30 Recent Discoveries on the Involvement of Krüppel-Like Factor 4 in the Most Common Cancer Types Taracha-Wisniewska, Agnieszka Kotarba, Grzegorz Dworkin, Sebastian Wilanowski, Tomasz Int J Mol Sci Review Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a transcription factor highly conserved in evolution. It is particularly well known for its role in inducing pluripotent stem cells. In addition, KLF4 plays many roles in cancer. The results of most studies suggest that KLF4 is a tumor suppressor. However, the functioning of KLF4 is regulated at many levels. These include regulation of transcription, alternative splicing, miRNA, post-translational modifications, subcellular localization, protein stability and interactions with other molecules. Simple experiments aimed at assaying transcript levels or protein levels fail to address this complexity and thus may deliver misleading results. Tumor subtypes are also important; for example, in prostate cancer KLF4 is highly expressed in indolent tumors where it impedes tumor progression, while it is absent from aggressive prostate tumors. KLF4 is important in regulating response to many known drugs, and it also plays a role in tumor microenvironment. More and more information is available about upstream regulators, downstream targets and signaling pathways associated with the involvement of KLF4 in cancer. Furthermore, KLF4 performs critical function in the overall regulation of tissue homeostasis, cellular integrity, and progression towards malignancy. Here we summarize and analyze the latest findings concerning this fascinating transcription factor. MDPI 2020-11-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7700188/ /pubmed/33266506 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21228843 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Taracha-Wisniewska, Agnieszka
Kotarba, Grzegorz
Dworkin, Sebastian
Wilanowski, Tomasz
Recent Discoveries on the Involvement of Krüppel-Like Factor 4 in the Most Common Cancer Types
title Recent Discoveries on the Involvement of Krüppel-Like Factor 4 in the Most Common Cancer Types
title_full Recent Discoveries on the Involvement of Krüppel-Like Factor 4 in the Most Common Cancer Types
title_fullStr Recent Discoveries on the Involvement of Krüppel-Like Factor 4 in the Most Common Cancer Types
title_full_unstemmed Recent Discoveries on the Involvement of Krüppel-Like Factor 4 in the Most Common Cancer Types
title_short Recent Discoveries on the Involvement of Krüppel-Like Factor 4 in the Most Common Cancer Types
title_sort recent discoveries on the involvement of krüppel-like factor 4 in the most common cancer types
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7700188/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33266506
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21228843
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