BLUP and stability analysis of multi-environment trials of potato varieties in sub-tropical Indian conditions

Potato is an important crop in India with area spread across Himalayan hills in the North to hot tropical conditions in South, albeit major area in sub-tropical Indo-Gangetic plains. The first common requirement in all regions is that the variety should have high performance for tuber yield along with essential agronomic traits. The present study was carried out to identify an ideal variety with wide adaptability for tuber yield and dry matter. Six varieties were evaluated in 9, 11 and 10 locations in the years 2014–15, 2015–16 and 2016–17, respectively for TY, MY and DM. The data were analysed with ANOVA, mixed models, BLUPs and GGE biplot as well as univariate stability statistics. Combined analysis of variance showed significant genotype, environment and genotype × environment interactions. The relative magnitudes of G, E and G×E variances accounted for 6.76–8.91, 51.85–76.65 and 12.41–23.19 per cent for TY and 2.86–4.66, 65.87–72.85 and 13.74–20.04 per cent for DM. Although the genotypes contributed significantly, major part of the variation was explained by environments for all the three traits. Mean across locations and years, and BLUP values of varieties for all the three traits showed similar results with Kufri Khyati as the best variety for TY and MY, whereas Kufri Jyoti and Kufri Garima were best for DM. Based on GGE biplot and univariate stability statistics, Kufri Khyati was the ideal high yielding wide adaptable variety in all the three years and Kufri Jyoti was the ideal variety based on mean dry matter and stability. The environments were very diverse and their clustering suggested three groups, which can be used as three separate zones for varietal evaluation and regional deployment of varieties.