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Leaf Endophytes of Populus trichocarpa Act as Pathogens of Neighboring Plant Species

The conventional definition of endophytes is that they do not cause disease, whereas pathogens do. Complicating this convention, however, is the poorly explored phenomenon that some microbes are endophytes in some plants but pathogens in others. Black cottonwood or poplar (Populus trichocarpa) and w...

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Autores principales: Newcombe, George, Fraser, Shannon J., Ridout, Mary, Busby, Posy E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7705171/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33281769
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.573056
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author Newcombe, George
Fraser, Shannon J.
Ridout, Mary
Busby, Posy E.
author_facet Newcombe, George
Fraser, Shannon J.
Ridout, Mary
Busby, Posy E.
author_sort Newcombe, George
collection PubMed
description The conventional definition of endophytes is that they do not cause disease, whereas pathogens do. Complicating this convention, however, is the poorly explored phenomenon that some microbes are endophytes in some plants but pathogens in others. Black cottonwood or poplar (Populus trichocarpa) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) are common wild and crop plants, respectively, in the Pacific Northwest USA. The former anchors wild, riparian communities, whereas the latter is an introduced domesticate of commercial importance in the region. We isolated Fusarium culmorum – a well-known pathogen of wheat causing both blight and rot – from the leaf of a black cottonwood tree in western Washington. The pathogenicity of this cottonwood isolate and of a wheat isolate of F. culmorum were compared by inoculating both cottonwood and wheat in a greenhouse experiment. We found that both the cottonwood and wheat isolates of F. culmorum significantly reduced the growth of wheat, whereas they had no impact on cottonwood growth. Our results demonstrate that the cottonwood isolate of F. culmorum is endophytic in one plant species but pathogenic in another. Using sequence-based methods, we found an additional 56 taxa in the foliar microbiome of cottonwood that matched the sequences of pathogens of other plants of the region. These sequence-based findings suggest, though they do not prove, that P. trichocarpa may host many additional pathogens of other plants.
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spelling pubmed-77051712020-12-03 Leaf Endophytes of Populus trichocarpa Act as Pathogens of Neighboring Plant Species Newcombe, George Fraser, Shannon J. Ridout, Mary Busby, Posy E. Front Microbiol Microbiology The conventional definition of endophytes is that they do not cause disease, whereas pathogens do. Complicating this convention, however, is the poorly explored phenomenon that some microbes are endophytes in some plants but pathogens in others. Black cottonwood or poplar (Populus trichocarpa) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) are common wild and crop plants, respectively, in the Pacific Northwest USA. The former anchors wild, riparian communities, whereas the latter is an introduced domesticate of commercial importance in the region. We isolated Fusarium culmorum – a well-known pathogen of wheat causing both blight and rot – from the leaf of a black cottonwood tree in western Washington. The pathogenicity of this cottonwood isolate and of a wheat isolate of F. culmorum were compared by inoculating both cottonwood and wheat in a greenhouse experiment. We found that both the cottonwood and wheat isolates of F. culmorum significantly reduced the growth of wheat, whereas they had no impact on cottonwood growth. Our results demonstrate that the cottonwood isolate of F. culmorum is endophytic in one plant species but pathogenic in another. Using sequence-based methods, we found an additional 56 taxa in the foliar microbiome of cottonwood that matched the sequences of pathogens of other plants of the region. These sequence-based findings suggest, though they do not prove, that P. trichocarpa may host many additional pathogens of other plants. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-11-17 /pmc/articles/PMC7705171/ /pubmed/33281769 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.573056 Text en Copyright © 2020 Newcombe, Fraser, Ridout and Busby. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Newcombe, George
Fraser, Shannon J.
Ridout, Mary
Busby, Posy E.
Leaf Endophytes of Populus trichocarpa Act as Pathogens of Neighboring Plant Species
title Leaf Endophytes of Populus trichocarpa Act as Pathogens of Neighboring Plant Species
title_full Leaf Endophytes of Populus trichocarpa Act as Pathogens of Neighboring Plant Species
title_fullStr Leaf Endophytes of Populus trichocarpa Act as Pathogens of Neighboring Plant Species
title_full_unstemmed Leaf Endophytes of Populus trichocarpa Act as Pathogens of Neighboring Plant Species
title_short Leaf Endophytes of Populus trichocarpa Act as Pathogens of Neighboring Plant Species
title_sort leaf endophytes of populus trichocarpa act as pathogens of neighboring plant species
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7705171/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33281769
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.573056
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