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Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection
Neurotrophic factor prosaposin (PS) is a precursor for saposins A, B, C, and D, which are activators for specific sphingolipid hydrolases in lysosomes. Both saposins and PS are widely contained in various tissues. The brain, skeletal muscle, and heart cells predominantly contain unprocessed PS rathe...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7707515/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33259479 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241315 |
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author | Kunihiro, Joji Nabeka, Hiroaki Wakisaka, Hiroyuki Unuma, Kana Khan, Md. Sakirul Islam Shimokawa, Tetsuya Islam, Farzana Doihara, Takuya Yamamiya, Kimiko Saito, Shouichiro Hamada, Fumihiko Matsuda, Seiji |
author_facet | Kunihiro, Joji Nabeka, Hiroaki Wakisaka, Hiroyuki Unuma, Kana Khan, Md. Sakirul Islam Shimokawa, Tetsuya Islam, Farzana Doihara, Takuya Yamamiya, Kimiko Saito, Shouichiro Hamada, Fumihiko Matsuda, Seiji |
author_sort | Kunihiro, Joji |
collection | PubMed |
description | Neurotrophic factor prosaposin (PS) is a precursor for saposins A, B, C, and D, which are activators for specific sphingolipid hydrolases in lysosomes. Both saposins and PS are widely contained in various tissues. The brain, skeletal muscle, and heart cells predominantly contain unprocessed PS rather than saposins. PS and PS-derived peptides stimulate neuritogenesis and increase choline acetyltransferase activity in neuroblastoma cells and prevent programmed cell death in neurons. We previously detected increases in PS immunoactivity and its mRNA in the rat facial nucleus following facial nerve transection. PS mRNA expression increased not only in facial motoneurons, but also in microglia during facial nerve regeneration. In the present study, we examined the changes in immunoreactivity of the PS receptors GPR37 and GPR37L1 in the rat facial nucleus following facial nerve transection. Following facial nerve transection, many small Iba1- and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cells with strong GPR37L1 immunoreactivity, including microglia and astrocytes, were observed predominately on the operated side. These results indicate that GPR37 mainly works in neurons, whereas GPR37L1 is predominant in microglia or astrocytes, and suggest that increased PS in damaged neurons stimulates microglia or astrocytes via PS receptor GPR37L1 to produce neurotrophic factors for neuronal recovery. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7707515 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77075152020-12-08 Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection Kunihiro, Joji Nabeka, Hiroaki Wakisaka, Hiroyuki Unuma, Kana Khan, Md. Sakirul Islam Shimokawa, Tetsuya Islam, Farzana Doihara, Takuya Yamamiya, Kimiko Saito, Shouichiro Hamada, Fumihiko Matsuda, Seiji PLoS One Research Article Neurotrophic factor prosaposin (PS) is a precursor for saposins A, B, C, and D, which are activators for specific sphingolipid hydrolases in lysosomes. Both saposins and PS are widely contained in various tissues. The brain, skeletal muscle, and heart cells predominantly contain unprocessed PS rather than saposins. PS and PS-derived peptides stimulate neuritogenesis and increase choline acetyltransferase activity in neuroblastoma cells and prevent programmed cell death in neurons. We previously detected increases in PS immunoactivity and its mRNA in the rat facial nucleus following facial nerve transection. PS mRNA expression increased not only in facial motoneurons, but also in microglia during facial nerve regeneration. In the present study, we examined the changes in immunoreactivity of the PS receptors GPR37 and GPR37L1 in the rat facial nucleus following facial nerve transection. Following facial nerve transection, many small Iba1- and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cells with strong GPR37L1 immunoreactivity, including microglia and astrocytes, were observed predominately on the operated side. These results indicate that GPR37 mainly works in neurons, whereas GPR37L1 is predominant in microglia or astrocytes, and suggest that increased PS in damaged neurons stimulates microglia or astrocytes via PS receptor GPR37L1 to produce neurotrophic factors for neuronal recovery. Public Library of Science 2020-12-01 /pmc/articles/PMC7707515/ /pubmed/33259479 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241315 Text en © 2020 Kunihiro et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Kunihiro, Joji Nabeka, Hiroaki Wakisaka, Hiroyuki Unuma, Kana Khan, Md. Sakirul Islam Shimokawa, Tetsuya Islam, Farzana Doihara, Takuya Yamamiya, Kimiko Saito, Shouichiro Hamada, Fumihiko Matsuda, Seiji Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection |
title | Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection |
title_full | Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection |
title_fullStr | Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection |
title_full_unstemmed | Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection |
title_short | Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection |
title_sort | prosaposin and its receptors grp37 and gpr37l1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7707515/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33259479 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241315 |
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