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Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection

Neurotrophic factor prosaposin (PS) is a precursor for saposins A, B, C, and D, which are activators for specific sphingolipid hydrolases in lysosomes. Both saposins and PS are widely contained in various tissues. The brain, skeletal muscle, and heart cells predominantly contain unprocessed PS rathe...

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Autores principales: Kunihiro, Joji, Nabeka, Hiroaki, Wakisaka, Hiroyuki, Unuma, Kana, Khan, Md. Sakirul Islam, Shimokawa, Tetsuya, Islam, Farzana, Doihara, Takuya, Yamamiya, Kimiko, Saito, Shouichiro, Hamada, Fumihiko, Matsuda, Seiji
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7707515/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33259479
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241315
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author Kunihiro, Joji
Nabeka, Hiroaki
Wakisaka, Hiroyuki
Unuma, Kana
Khan, Md. Sakirul Islam
Shimokawa, Tetsuya
Islam, Farzana
Doihara, Takuya
Yamamiya, Kimiko
Saito, Shouichiro
Hamada, Fumihiko
Matsuda, Seiji
author_facet Kunihiro, Joji
Nabeka, Hiroaki
Wakisaka, Hiroyuki
Unuma, Kana
Khan, Md. Sakirul Islam
Shimokawa, Tetsuya
Islam, Farzana
Doihara, Takuya
Yamamiya, Kimiko
Saito, Shouichiro
Hamada, Fumihiko
Matsuda, Seiji
author_sort Kunihiro, Joji
collection PubMed
description Neurotrophic factor prosaposin (PS) is a precursor for saposins A, B, C, and D, which are activators for specific sphingolipid hydrolases in lysosomes. Both saposins and PS are widely contained in various tissues. The brain, skeletal muscle, and heart cells predominantly contain unprocessed PS rather than saposins. PS and PS-derived peptides stimulate neuritogenesis and increase choline acetyltransferase activity in neuroblastoma cells and prevent programmed cell death in neurons. We previously detected increases in PS immunoactivity and its mRNA in the rat facial nucleus following facial nerve transection. PS mRNA expression increased not only in facial motoneurons, but also in microglia during facial nerve regeneration. In the present study, we examined the changes in immunoreactivity of the PS receptors GPR37 and GPR37L1 in the rat facial nucleus following facial nerve transection. Following facial nerve transection, many small Iba1- and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cells with strong GPR37L1 immunoreactivity, including microglia and astrocytes, were observed predominately on the operated side. These results indicate that GPR37 mainly works in neurons, whereas GPR37L1 is predominant in microglia or astrocytes, and suggest that increased PS in damaged neurons stimulates microglia or astrocytes via PS receptor GPR37L1 to produce neurotrophic factors for neuronal recovery.
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spelling pubmed-77075152020-12-08 Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection Kunihiro, Joji Nabeka, Hiroaki Wakisaka, Hiroyuki Unuma, Kana Khan, Md. Sakirul Islam Shimokawa, Tetsuya Islam, Farzana Doihara, Takuya Yamamiya, Kimiko Saito, Shouichiro Hamada, Fumihiko Matsuda, Seiji PLoS One Research Article Neurotrophic factor prosaposin (PS) is a precursor for saposins A, B, C, and D, which are activators for specific sphingolipid hydrolases in lysosomes. Both saposins and PS are widely contained in various tissues. The brain, skeletal muscle, and heart cells predominantly contain unprocessed PS rather than saposins. PS and PS-derived peptides stimulate neuritogenesis and increase choline acetyltransferase activity in neuroblastoma cells and prevent programmed cell death in neurons. We previously detected increases in PS immunoactivity and its mRNA in the rat facial nucleus following facial nerve transection. PS mRNA expression increased not only in facial motoneurons, but also in microglia during facial nerve regeneration. In the present study, we examined the changes in immunoreactivity of the PS receptors GPR37 and GPR37L1 in the rat facial nucleus following facial nerve transection. Following facial nerve transection, many small Iba1- and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cells with strong GPR37L1 immunoreactivity, including microglia and astrocytes, were observed predominately on the operated side. These results indicate that GPR37 mainly works in neurons, whereas GPR37L1 is predominant in microglia or astrocytes, and suggest that increased PS in damaged neurons stimulates microglia or astrocytes via PS receptor GPR37L1 to produce neurotrophic factors for neuronal recovery. Public Library of Science 2020-12-01 /pmc/articles/PMC7707515/ /pubmed/33259479 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241315 Text en © 2020 Kunihiro et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Kunihiro, Joji
Nabeka, Hiroaki
Wakisaka, Hiroyuki
Unuma, Kana
Khan, Md. Sakirul Islam
Shimokawa, Tetsuya
Islam, Farzana
Doihara, Takuya
Yamamiya, Kimiko
Saito, Shouichiro
Hamada, Fumihiko
Matsuda, Seiji
Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection
title Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection
title_full Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection
title_fullStr Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection
title_full_unstemmed Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection
title_short Prosaposin and its receptors GRP37 and GPR37L1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection
title_sort prosaposin and its receptors grp37 and gpr37l1 show increased immunoreactivity in the facial nucleus following facial nerve transection
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7707515/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33259479
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241315
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