Isolation and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Bacterial Uropathogens and Associated Factors Among Adult People Living with HIV/AIDS Attending the HIV Center at Wolaita Sodo University Teaching Referral Hospital, South Ethiopia

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infection remains one of the major public health problems in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Its prevalence is fuelled by human immunodeficiency virus infection which represents a considerable health problem amongst these populations. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated factors of bacterial urinary tract infections among adult PLHIV. METHODS: Cross-sectional study was conducted from May to December, 2018 among adult people living with HIV/AIDS in Wolaita Sodo University Teaching and Referral Hospital. The socio-demographic data and clinical data were collected using structured questionnaire. Mid-stream urine sample was collected for bacterial isolation and identification. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing was done by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique. Logistic regression was conducted to check the association between UTI and associated factors. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of urinary tract infection was 29 (14.1%). The predominant bacteria isolated was E. coli 13 (44.8%) followed by S. aureus 5 (17.2%). Gender, CD4 count, history of catheterization, history of hospitalization, and DM status were independent factors for the occurrence of urinary tract infection. E. coli species were 100% and 84.6% susceptible to ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin, respectively; whereas, there was a complete resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and ampicillin. K. pneumoniae was pan resistant to gentamicin, amikacin and ampicillin, whereas 100% sensitive to nitrofurantoin. The rate of MDR was 23 (79.3%) with the majority, 16 (69.6%), gram negative and seven (30.4%) gram positive. CONCLUSION: The burden of UTI among people living with HIV was considerably high. The findings of this study will help policy makers and other stakeholders as baseline information.