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Genomic surveillance of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax cases at the University Hospital in Tegucigalpa, Honduras

Malaria continues to be an important health problem in Honduras despite major progress achieved reducing its incidence in the last two decades. In a context of case reduction, continuing surveillance of parasite diversity and drug resistance is an important component to assist effective malaria cont...

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Autores principales: Valdivia, Hugo O., Villena, Fredy E., Lizewski, Stephen E., Garcia, Jorge, Alger, Jackeline, Bishop, Danett K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7708478/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33262482
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78103-w
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author Valdivia, Hugo O.
Villena, Fredy E.
Lizewski, Stephen E.
Garcia, Jorge
Alger, Jackeline
Bishop, Danett K.
author_facet Valdivia, Hugo O.
Villena, Fredy E.
Lizewski, Stephen E.
Garcia, Jorge
Alger, Jackeline
Bishop, Danett K.
author_sort Valdivia, Hugo O.
collection PubMed
description Malaria continues to be an important health problem in Honduras despite major progress achieved reducing its incidence in the last two decades. In a context of case reduction, continuing surveillance of parasite diversity and drug resistance is an important component to assist effective malaria control strategies and support risk assessments. In this study, we employed next generation sequencing on collected Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum samples from the Hospital Escuela (University Hospital) in Honduras between 2005 and 2017. Hospital Escuela is the main public health hospital in Honduras and receives suspected malaria cases from endemic regions within the country. The resulting sequencing data was used to assess complexity of infections, parasite population structure, parasite diversity and drug resistance profiling. All P. vivax samples and all autochtonous P. falciparum samples were monoclonal and presented a low intra population diversity (π = 0.25 and 0.07, respectively). Genotyping of drug resistance markers showed that three P. falciparum samples presented the chloroquine resistant haplotype SVMNT on pfcrtr (positions 72–76). Epidemiological data suggested that two of these samples were imported cases from Africa whereas the third one was a local case. Three suspected imported cases (two of which were also pfcrt mutants) presented the pfmdr1 86Y mutation that further enhances the CQ resistant genotype. No evidence was found for kelch13 artemisinin resistance associated mutations nor parasite genetic background mutations. Discriminant analysis of principal components and phylogenetic analysis showed two P. vivax and two P. falciparum parasite sub-populations with limited recombination between them. It also confirmed the closer relationship of the three imported cases with African strains. Our findings showed that local Honduras P. falciparum strains do not hold CQ resistance polymorphisms which aligns with clinical data reported by the country and supports the continuity of CQ based treatment in Honduras. In addition, our findings highlight the need of using genomic approaches to provide key information about parasite biology including drug resistance, population structure and HRP2/HRP3 deletions which are becoming relevant as the country move towards elimination.
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spelling pubmed-77084782020-12-03 Genomic surveillance of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax cases at the University Hospital in Tegucigalpa, Honduras Valdivia, Hugo O. Villena, Fredy E. Lizewski, Stephen E. Garcia, Jorge Alger, Jackeline Bishop, Danett K. Sci Rep Article Malaria continues to be an important health problem in Honduras despite major progress achieved reducing its incidence in the last two decades. In a context of case reduction, continuing surveillance of parasite diversity and drug resistance is an important component to assist effective malaria control strategies and support risk assessments. In this study, we employed next generation sequencing on collected Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum samples from the Hospital Escuela (University Hospital) in Honduras between 2005 and 2017. Hospital Escuela is the main public health hospital in Honduras and receives suspected malaria cases from endemic regions within the country. The resulting sequencing data was used to assess complexity of infections, parasite population structure, parasite diversity and drug resistance profiling. All P. vivax samples and all autochtonous P. falciparum samples were monoclonal and presented a low intra population diversity (π = 0.25 and 0.07, respectively). Genotyping of drug resistance markers showed that three P. falciparum samples presented the chloroquine resistant haplotype SVMNT on pfcrtr (positions 72–76). Epidemiological data suggested that two of these samples were imported cases from Africa whereas the third one was a local case. Three suspected imported cases (two of which were also pfcrt mutants) presented the pfmdr1 86Y mutation that further enhances the CQ resistant genotype. No evidence was found for kelch13 artemisinin resistance associated mutations nor parasite genetic background mutations. Discriminant analysis of principal components and phylogenetic analysis showed two P. vivax and two P. falciparum parasite sub-populations with limited recombination between them. It also confirmed the closer relationship of the three imported cases with African strains. Our findings showed that local Honduras P. falciparum strains do not hold CQ resistance polymorphisms which aligns with clinical data reported by the country and supports the continuity of CQ based treatment in Honduras. In addition, our findings highlight the need of using genomic approaches to provide key information about parasite biology including drug resistance, population structure and HRP2/HRP3 deletions which are becoming relevant as the country move towards elimination. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-12-01 /pmc/articles/PMC7708478/ /pubmed/33262482 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78103-w Text en © This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Valdivia, Hugo O.
Villena, Fredy E.
Lizewski, Stephen E.
Garcia, Jorge
Alger, Jackeline
Bishop, Danett K.
Genomic surveillance of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax cases at the University Hospital in Tegucigalpa, Honduras
title Genomic surveillance of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax cases at the University Hospital in Tegucigalpa, Honduras
title_full Genomic surveillance of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax cases at the University Hospital in Tegucigalpa, Honduras
title_fullStr Genomic surveillance of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax cases at the University Hospital in Tegucigalpa, Honduras
title_full_unstemmed Genomic surveillance of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax cases at the University Hospital in Tegucigalpa, Honduras
title_short Genomic surveillance of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax cases at the University Hospital in Tegucigalpa, Honduras
title_sort genomic surveillance of plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax cases at the university hospital in tegucigalpa, honduras
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7708478/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33262482
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78103-w
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