Complete resolution of recurrent piriformis syndrome after piriformis resection with 3 years’ follow up: A case report

INTRODUCTION: Piriformis syndrome (PS) is an uncommon neuromuscular condition characterized by buttock pain radiating to the leg. Although the goal of PS treatment is symptom relief, it is difficult in some patients using conservative treatment alone. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 72-year-old male underwent piriformis resection after failed sequential steroid injection of the piriformis. The patient ultimately underwent surgery for resection of the piriformis muscle and experienced satisfactory pain relief (pain reduction > 75% according to visual analog scale for at least 12 months) following surgery and in the 3-year follow-up period. DISCUSSION: Conservative treatment is first-choice treatment for managing PS. Surgery was indicated when the patient did not achieve satisfactory pain relief with conservative treatment. Surgical resection of the piriformis muscle has been shown to be effective and feasible. CONCLUSION: Piriformis resection is effective and can be a feasible option for the treatment of PS following failure of appropriate conservative treatment(s).