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Molecules and Prostaglandins Related to Embryo Tolerance
It is generally understood that the entry of semen into the female reproductive tract provokes molecular and cellular changes facilitating conception and pregnancy. We show a broader picture of the participation of prostaglandins in the fertilization, implantation and maintenance of the embryo. A la...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7710691/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33329514 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.555414 |
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author | Mayoral Andrade, Gabriel Vásquez Martínez, Gabriela Pérez-Campos Mayoral, Laura Hernández-Huerta, María Teresa Zenteno, Edgar Pérez-Campos Mayoral, Eduardo Martínez Cruz, Margarito Martínez Cruz, Ruth Matias-Cervantes, Carlos Alberto Meraz Cruz, Noemi Romero Díaz, Carlos Cruz-Parada, Eli Pérez-Campos, Eduardo |
author_facet | Mayoral Andrade, Gabriel Vásquez Martínez, Gabriela Pérez-Campos Mayoral, Laura Hernández-Huerta, María Teresa Zenteno, Edgar Pérez-Campos Mayoral, Eduardo Martínez Cruz, Margarito Martínez Cruz, Ruth Matias-Cervantes, Carlos Alberto Meraz Cruz, Noemi Romero Díaz, Carlos Cruz-Parada, Eli Pérez-Campos, Eduardo |
author_sort | Mayoral Andrade, Gabriel |
collection | PubMed |
description | It is generally understood that the entry of semen into the female reproductive tract provokes molecular and cellular changes facilitating conception and pregnancy. We show a broader picture of the participation of prostaglandins in the fertilization, implantation and maintenance of the embryo. A large number of cells and molecules are related to signaling networks, which regulate tolerance to implantation and maintenance of the embryo and fetus. In this work, many of those cells and molecules are analyzed. We focus on platelets, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and group 2 innate lymphoid cells involved in embryo tolerance in order to have a wider view of how prostaglandins participate. The combination of platelets and neutrophil extracellular traps (Nets), uterine innate lymphoid cells (uILC), Treg cells, NK cells, and sex hormones have an important function in immunological tolerance. In both animals and humans, the functions of these cells can be regulated by prostaglandins and soluble factors in seminal plasma to achieve an immunological balance, which maintains fetal-maternal tolerance. Prostaglandins, such as PGI2 and PGE2, play an important role in the suppression of the previously mentioned cells. PGI2 inhibits platelet aggregation, in addition to IL-5 and IL-13 expression in ILC2, and PGE2 inhibits some neutrophil functions, such as chemotaxis and migration processes, leukotriene B4 (LTB4) biosynthesis, ROS production, and the formation of extracellular traps, which could help prevent trophoblast injury and fetal loss. The implications are related to fertility in female when seminal fluid is deposited in the vagina or uterus. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7710691 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77106912020-12-15 Molecules and Prostaglandins Related to Embryo Tolerance Mayoral Andrade, Gabriel Vásquez Martínez, Gabriela Pérez-Campos Mayoral, Laura Hernández-Huerta, María Teresa Zenteno, Edgar Pérez-Campos Mayoral, Eduardo Martínez Cruz, Margarito Martínez Cruz, Ruth Matias-Cervantes, Carlos Alberto Meraz Cruz, Noemi Romero Díaz, Carlos Cruz-Parada, Eli Pérez-Campos, Eduardo Front Immunol Immunology It is generally understood that the entry of semen into the female reproductive tract provokes molecular and cellular changes facilitating conception and pregnancy. We show a broader picture of the participation of prostaglandins in the fertilization, implantation and maintenance of the embryo. A large number of cells and molecules are related to signaling networks, which regulate tolerance to implantation and maintenance of the embryo and fetus. In this work, many of those cells and molecules are analyzed. We focus on platelets, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and group 2 innate lymphoid cells involved in embryo tolerance in order to have a wider view of how prostaglandins participate. The combination of platelets and neutrophil extracellular traps (Nets), uterine innate lymphoid cells (uILC), Treg cells, NK cells, and sex hormones have an important function in immunological tolerance. In both animals and humans, the functions of these cells can be regulated by prostaglandins and soluble factors in seminal plasma to achieve an immunological balance, which maintains fetal-maternal tolerance. Prostaglandins, such as PGI2 and PGE2, play an important role in the suppression of the previously mentioned cells. PGI2 inhibits platelet aggregation, in addition to IL-5 and IL-13 expression in ILC2, and PGE2 inhibits some neutrophil functions, such as chemotaxis and migration processes, leukotriene B4 (LTB4) biosynthesis, ROS production, and the formation of extracellular traps, which could help prevent trophoblast injury and fetal loss. The implications are related to fertility in female when seminal fluid is deposited in the vagina or uterus. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-11-19 /pmc/articles/PMC7710691/ /pubmed/33329514 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.555414 Text en Copyright © 2020 Mayoral Andrade, Vásquez Martínez, Pérez-Campos Mayoral, Hernández-Huerta, Zenteno, Pérez-Campos Mayoral, Martínez Cruz, Martínez Cruz, Matias-Cervantes, Meraz Cruz, Romero Díaz, Cruz-Parada and Pérez-Campos http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Mayoral Andrade, Gabriel Vásquez Martínez, Gabriela Pérez-Campos Mayoral, Laura Hernández-Huerta, María Teresa Zenteno, Edgar Pérez-Campos Mayoral, Eduardo Martínez Cruz, Margarito Martínez Cruz, Ruth Matias-Cervantes, Carlos Alberto Meraz Cruz, Noemi Romero Díaz, Carlos Cruz-Parada, Eli Pérez-Campos, Eduardo Molecules and Prostaglandins Related to Embryo Tolerance |
title | Molecules and Prostaglandins Related to Embryo Tolerance |
title_full | Molecules and Prostaglandins Related to Embryo Tolerance |
title_fullStr | Molecules and Prostaglandins Related to Embryo Tolerance |
title_full_unstemmed | Molecules and Prostaglandins Related to Embryo Tolerance |
title_short | Molecules and Prostaglandins Related to Embryo Tolerance |
title_sort | molecules and prostaglandins related to embryo tolerance |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7710691/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33329514 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.555414 |
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