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Association between Exposure to Influenza Vaccination and COVID-19 Diagnosis and Outcomes

We explored whether influenza vaccination (IV) affects susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients in 17,608 residents of the Italian province of Reggio Emilia undergoing a SARS-CoV-2 test. Exposure to IV was ascertained and the strength of the association with...

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Autores principales: Ragni, Pietro, Marino, Massimiliano, Formisano, Debora, Bisaccia, Eufemia, Scaltriti, Stefania, Bedeschi, Emanuela, Grilli, Roberto
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7711765/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33198368
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040675
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author Ragni, Pietro
Marino, Massimiliano
Formisano, Debora
Bisaccia, Eufemia
Scaltriti, Stefania
Bedeschi, Emanuela
Grilli, Roberto
author_facet Ragni, Pietro
Marino, Massimiliano
Formisano, Debora
Bisaccia, Eufemia
Scaltriti, Stefania
Bedeschi, Emanuela
Grilli, Roberto
author_sort Ragni, Pietro
collection PubMed
description We explored whether influenza vaccination (IV) affects susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients in 17,608 residents of the Italian province of Reggio Emilia undergoing a SARS-CoV-2 test. Exposure to IV was ascertained and the strength of the association with SARS-CoV-2 positivity expressed with odds ratios (OR). Rates of hospitalisations and death in those found positive were assessed and hazard ratios (HR) were estimated. The prevalence of IV was 34.3% in the 4885 SARS-CoV-2 positive and 29.5% in the 12,723 negative subjects, but the adjusted OR indicated that vaccinated individuals had a lower probability of testing positive (OR = 0.89; 95% CI 0.80–0.99). Among the 4885 positive individuals, 1676 had received IV. After adjusting for confounding factors, there was no association between IV and hospitalisation (1.00; 95% CI 0.84–1.29) or death (HR = 1.14; 95% CI 0.95–1.37). However, for patients age ≥65 vaccinated close to the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, HRs were 0.66 (95% CI: 0.44–0.98) and 0.70 (95% CI 0.50–1.00), for hospitalisation and death, respectively. In this study, IV was associated with a lower probability of COVID-19 diagnosis. In COVID-19 patients, overall, IV did not affect outcomes, although a protective effect was observed for the elderly receiving IV almost in parallel with the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. These findings provide reassurance in planning IV campaigns and underscore the need for exploring further their impact on COVID-19.
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spelling pubmed-77117652020-12-04 Association between Exposure to Influenza Vaccination and COVID-19 Diagnosis and Outcomes Ragni, Pietro Marino, Massimiliano Formisano, Debora Bisaccia, Eufemia Scaltriti, Stefania Bedeschi, Emanuela Grilli, Roberto Vaccines (Basel) Article We explored whether influenza vaccination (IV) affects susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients in 17,608 residents of the Italian province of Reggio Emilia undergoing a SARS-CoV-2 test. Exposure to IV was ascertained and the strength of the association with SARS-CoV-2 positivity expressed with odds ratios (OR). Rates of hospitalisations and death in those found positive were assessed and hazard ratios (HR) were estimated. The prevalence of IV was 34.3% in the 4885 SARS-CoV-2 positive and 29.5% in the 12,723 negative subjects, but the adjusted OR indicated that vaccinated individuals had a lower probability of testing positive (OR = 0.89; 95% CI 0.80–0.99). Among the 4885 positive individuals, 1676 had received IV. After adjusting for confounding factors, there was no association between IV and hospitalisation (1.00; 95% CI 0.84–1.29) or death (HR = 1.14; 95% CI 0.95–1.37). However, for patients age ≥65 vaccinated close to the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, HRs were 0.66 (95% CI: 0.44–0.98) and 0.70 (95% CI 0.50–1.00), for hospitalisation and death, respectively. In this study, IV was associated with a lower probability of COVID-19 diagnosis. In COVID-19 patients, overall, IV did not affect outcomes, although a protective effect was observed for the elderly receiving IV almost in parallel with the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. These findings provide reassurance in planning IV campaigns and underscore the need for exploring further their impact on COVID-19. MDPI 2020-11-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7711765/ /pubmed/33198368 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040675 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ragni, Pietro
Marino, Massimiliano
Formisano, Debora
Bisaccia, Eufemia
Scaltriti, Stefania
Bedeschi, Emanuela
Grilli, Roberto
Association between Exposure to Influenza Vaccination and COVID-19 Diagnosis and Outcomes
title Association between Exposure to Influenza Vaccination and COVID-19 Diagnosis and Outcomes
title_full Association between Exposure to Influenza Vaccination and COVID-19 Diagnosis and Outcomes
title_fullStr Association between Exposure to Influenza Vaccination and COVID-19 Diagnosis and Outcomes
title_full_unstemmed Association between Exposure to Influenza Vaccination and COVID-19 Diagnosis and Outcomes
title_short Association between Exposure to Influenza Vaccination and COVID-19 Diagnosis and Outcomes
title_sort association between exposure to influenza vaccination and covid-19 diagnosis and outcomes
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7711765/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33198368
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040675
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