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Molecular Differentiation of Mycoplasma gallisepticum Outbreaks: A Last Decade Study on Italian Farms Using GTS and MLST

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infects many avian species and leads to significant economic losses in the poultry industry. Transmission of this pathogen occurs both horizontally and vertically, and strategies to avoid the spread of MG rely on vaccination and the application of biosecurity measures t...

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Autores principales: Matucci, Andrea, Stefani, Elisabetta, Gastaldelli, Michele, Rossi, Ilenia, De Grandi, Gelinda, Gyuranecz, Miklós, Catania, Salvatore
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7712042/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33182244
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040665
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author Matucci, Andrea
Stefani, Elisabetta
Gastaldelli, Michele
Rossi, Ilenia
De Grandi, Gelinda
Gyuranecz, Miklós
Catania, Salvatore
author_facet Matucci, Andrea
Stefani, Elisabetta
Gastaldelli, Michele
Rossi, Ilenia
De Grandi, Gelinda
Gyuranecz, Miklós
Catania, Salvatore
author_sort Matucci, Andrea
collection PubMed
description Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infects many avian species and leads to significant economic losses in the poultry industry. Transmission of this pathogen occurs both horizontally and vertically, and strategies to avoid the spread of MG rely on vaccination and the application of biosecurity measures to maintain breeder groups as pathogen-free. Two live attenuated MG vaccine strains are licensed in Italy: 6/85 and ts-11. After their introduction, the implementation of adequate genotyping tools became necessary to distinguish between field and vaccine strains and to guarantee proper infection monitoring activity. In this study, 40 Italian MG isolates collected between 2010–2019 from both vaccinated and unvaccinated farms were genotyped using gene-targeted sequencing (GTS) of the cythadesin gene mgc2 and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) based on six housekeeping genes. The discriminatory power of GTS typing ensures 6/85-like strain identification, but the technique does not allow the identification ts-11 strains; conversely, MLST differentiates both vaccine strains, describing more detailed interrelation structures. Our study describes MG genetic scenario within a mixed farming context. In conclusion, the use of adequate typing methods is essential to understand the evolutionary dynamics of MG strains in a particular area and to conduct epidemiological investigations in the avian population.
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spelling pubmed-77120422020-12-04 Molecular Differentiation of Mycoplasma gallisepticum Outbreaks: A Last Decade Study on Italian Farms Using GTS and MLST Matucci, Andrea Stefani, Elisabetta Gastaldelli, Michele Rossi, Ilenia De Grandi, Gelinda Gyuranecz, Miklós Catania, Salvatore Vaccines (Basel) Article Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infects many avian species and leads to significant economic losses in the poultry industry. Transmission of this pathogen occurs both horizontally and vertically, and strategies to avoid the spread of MG rely on vaccination and the application of biosecurity measures to maintain breeder groups as pathogen-free. Two live attenuated MG vaccine strains are licensed in Italy: 6/85 and ts-11. After their introduction, the implementation of adequate genotyping tools became necessary to distinguish between field and vaccine strains and to guarantee proper infection monitoring activity. In this study, 40 Italian MG isolates collected between 2010–2019 from both vaccinated and unvaccinated farms were genotyped using gene-targeted sequencing (GTS) of the cythadesin gene mgc2 and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) based on six housekeeping genes. The discriminatory power of GTS typing ensures 6/85-like strain identification, but the technique does not allow the identification ts-11 strains; conversely, MLST differentiates both vaccine strains, describing more detailed interrelation structures. Our study describes MG genetic scenario within a mixed farming context. In conclusion, the use of adequate typing methods is essential to understand the evolutionary dynamics of MG strains in a particular area and to conduct epidemiological investigations in the avian population. MDPI 2020-11-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7712042/ /pubmed/33182244 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040665 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Matucci, Andrea
Stefani, Elisabetta
Gastaldelli, Michele
Rossi, Ilenia
De Grandi, Gelinda
Gyuranecz, Miklós
Catania, Salvatore
Molecular Differentiation of Mycoplasma gallisepticum Outbreaks: A Last Decade Study on Italian Farms Using GTS and MLST
title Molecular Differentiation of Mycoplasma gallisepticum Outbreaks: A Last Decade Study on Italian Farms Using GTS and MLST
title_full Molecular Differentiation of Mycoplasma gallisepticum Outbreaks: A Last Decade Study on Italian Farms Using GTS and MLST
title_fullStr Molecular Differentiation of Mycoplasma gallisepticum Outbreaks: A Last Decade Study on Italian Farms Using GTS and MLST
title_full_unstemmed Molecular Differentiation of Mycoplasma gallisepticum Outbreaks: A Last Decade Study on Italian Farms Using GTS and MLST
title_short Molecular Differentiation of Mycoplasma gallisepticum Outbreaks: A Last Decade Study on Italian Farms Using GTS and MLST
title_sort molecular differentiation of mycoplasma gallisepticum outbreaks: a last decade study on italian farms using gts and mlst
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7712042/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33182244
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040665
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