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Influenza Vaccination and Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Cohort of Health Workers

Vaccines may induce positive non-specific immune responses to other pathogens. This study aims to evaluate if influenza vaccination in the 2019–2020 season had any effect on the risk of SARS-CoV-2 confirmed infection in a cohort of health workers. During the first SARS-CoV-2 epidemic wave in Spain,...

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Autores principales: Martínez-Baz, Iván, Trobajo-Sanmartín, Camino, Arregui, Irati, Navascués, Ana, Adelantado, Marta, Indurain, Juan, Fresán, Ujué, Ezpeleta, Carmen, Castilla, Jesús
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7712321/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33076405
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040611
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author Martínez-Baz, Iván
Trobajo-Sanmartín, Camino
Arregui, Irati
Navascués, Ana
Adelantado, Marta
Indurain, Juan
Fresán, Ujué
Ezpeleta, Carmen
Castilla, Jesús
author_facet Martínez-Baz, Iván
Trobajo-Sanmartín, Camino
Arregui, Irati
Navascués, Ana
Adelantado, Marta
Indurain, Juan
Fresán, Ujué
Ezpeleta, Carmen
Castilla, Jesús
author_sort Martínez-Baz, Iván
collection PubMed
description Vaccines may induce positive non-specific immune responses to other pathogens. This study aims to evaluate if influenza vaccination in the 2019–2020 season had any effect on the risk of SARS-CoV-2 confirmed infection in a cohort of health workers. During the first SARS-CoV-2 epidemic wave in Spain, between March and May 2020, a cohort of 11,201 health workers was highly tested by RT-qPCR and/or rapid antibody test when the infection was suspected. Later in June, 8665 of them were tested for total antibodies in serum. A total of 890 (7.9%) health workers were laboratory-confirmed for SARS-CoV-2 infection by any type of test, while no case of influenza was detected. The adjusted odds ratio between 2019–2020 influenza vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 confirmed infection was the same (1.07; 95% CI, 0.92–1.24) in both comparisons of positive testers with all others (cohort design) and with negative testers (test-negative design). Among symptomatic patients tested by RT-qPCR, the comparison of positive cases and negative controls showed an adjusted odds ratio of 0.86 (95% CI, 0.68–1.08). These results suggest that influenza vaccination does not significantly modify the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The development of specific vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 is urgent.
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spelling pubmed-77123212020-12-04 Influenza Vaccination and Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Cohort of Health Workers Martínez-Baz, Iván Trobajo-Sanmartín, Camino Arregui, Irati Navascués, Ana Adelantado, Marta Indurain, Juan Fresán, Ujué Ezpeleta, Carmen Castilla, Jesús Vaccines (Basel) Brief Report Vaccines may induce positive non-specific immune responses to other pathogens. This study aims to evaluate if influenza vaccination in the 2019–2020 season had any effect on the risk of SARS-CoV-2 confirmed infection in a cohort of health workers. During the first SARS-CoV-2 epidemic wave in Spain, between March and May 2020, a cohort of 11,201 health workers was highly tested by RT-qPCR and/or rapid antibody test when the infection was suspected. Later in June, 8665 of them were tested for total antibodies in serum. A total of 890 (7.9%) health workers were laboratory-confirmed for SARS-CoV-2 infection by any type of test, while no case of influenza was detected. The adjusted odds ratio between 2019–2020 influenza vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 confirmed infection was the same (1.07; 95% CI, 0.92–1.24) in both comparisons of positive testers with all others (cohort design) and with negative testers (test-negative design). Among symptomatic patients tested by RT-qPCR, the comparison of positive cases and negative controls showed an adjusted odds ratio of 0.86 (95% CI, 0.68–1.08). These results suggest that influenza vaccination does not significantly modify the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The development of specific vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 is urgent. MDPI 2020-10-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7712321/ /pubmed/33076405 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040611 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Brief Report
Martínez-Baz, Iván
Trobajo-Sanmartín, Camino
Arregui, Irati
Navascués, Ana
Adelantado, Marta
Indurain, Juan
Fresán, Ujué
Ezpeleta, Carmen
Castilla, Jesús
Influenza Vaccination and Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Cohort of Health Workers
title Influenza Vaccination and Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Cohort of Health Workers
title_full Influenza Vaccination and Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Cohort of Health Workers
title_fullStr Influenza Vaccination and Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Cohort of Health Workers
title_full_unstemmed Influenza Vaccination and Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Cohort of Health Workers
title_short Influenza Vaccination and Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Cohort of Health Workers
title_sort influenza vaccination and risk of sars-cov-2 infection in a cohort of health workers
topic Brief Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7712321/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33076405
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040611
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