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The effect of area deprivation on COVID-19 risk in Louisiana

BACKGROUND: Louisiana in the summer of 2020 had the highest per capita case count for COVID-19 in the United States and COVID-19 deaths disproportionately affects the African American population. Neighborhood deprivation has been observed to be associated with poorer health outcomes. The purpose of...

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Autores principales: K. C., Madhav, Oral, Evrim, Straif-Bourgeois, Susanne, Rung, Ariane L., Peters, Edward S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7714106/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33270701
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243028
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author K. C., Madhav
Oral, Evrim
Straif-Bourgeois, Susanne
Rung, Ariane L.
Peters, Edward S.
author_facet K. C., Madhav
Oral, Evrim
Straif-Bourgeois, Susanne
Rung, Ariane L.
Peters, Edward S.
author_sort K. C., Madhav
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Louisiana in the summer of 2020 had the highest per capita case count for COVID-19 in the United States and COVID-19 deaths disproportionately affects the African American population. Neighborhood deprivation has been observed to be associated with poorer health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between neighborhood deprivation and COVID-19 in Louisiana. METHODS: The Area Deprivation Index (ADI) was calculated and used to classify neighborhood deprivation at the census tract level. A total of 17 US census variables were used to calculate the ADI for each of the 1148 census tracts in Louisiana. The data were extracted from the American Community Survey (ACS) 2018. The neighborhoods were categorized into quintiles as well as low and high deprivation. The publicly available COVID-19 cumulative case counts by census tract were obtained from the Louisiana Department of Health website on July 31, 2020. Descriptive and Poisson regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: Neighborhoods in Louisiana were substantially different with respect to deprivation. The ADI ranged from 136.00 for the most deprived neighborhood and –33.87 in the least deprived neighborhood. We observed that individuals residing in the most deprived neighborhoods had almost a 40% higher risk of COVID-19 compared to those residing in the least deprived neighborhoods. CONCLUSION: While the majority of previous studies were focused on very limited socio-environmental factors such as crowding and income, this study used a composite area-based deprivation index to examine the role of neighborhood environment on COVID-19. We observed a positive relationship between neighborhood deprivation and COVID-19 risk in Louisiana. The study findings can be utilized to promote public health preventions measures besides social distancing, wearing a mask while in public and frequent handwashing in vulnerable neighborhoods with greater deprivation.
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spelling pubmed-77141062020-12-09 The effect of area deprivation on COVID-19 risk in Louisiana K. C., Madhav Oral, Evrim Straif-Bourgeois, Susanne Rung, Ariane L. Peters, Edward S. PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Louisiana in the summer of 2020 had the highest per capita case count for COVID-19 in the United States and COVID-19 deaths disproportionately affects the African American population. Neighborhood deprivation has been observed to be associated with poorer health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between neighborhood deprivation and COVID-19 in Louisiana. METHODS: The Area Deprivation Index (ADI) was calculated and used to classify neighborhood deprivation at the census tract level. A total of 17 US census variables were used to calculate the ADI for each of the 1148 census tracts in Louisiana. The data were extracted from the American Community Survey (ACS) 2018. The neighborhoods were categorized into quintiles as well as low and high deprivation. The publicly available COVID-19 cumulative case counts by census tract were obtained from the Louisiana Department of Health website on July 31, 2020. Descriptive and Poisson regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: Neighborhoods in Louisiana were substantially different with respect to deprivation. The ADI ranged from 136.00 for the most deprived neighborhood and –33.87 in the least deprived neighborhood. We observed that individuals residing in the most deprived neighborhoods had almost a 40% higher risk of COVID-19 compared to those residing in the least deprived neighborhoods. CONCLUSION: While the majority of previous studies were focused on very limited socio-environmental factors such as crowding and income, this study used a composite area-based deprivation index to examine the role of neighborhood environment on COVID-19. We observed a positive relationship between neighborhood deprivation and COVID-19 risk in Louisiana. The study findings can be utilized to promote public health preventions measures besides social distancing, wearing a mask while in public and frequent handwashing in vulnerable neighborhoods with greater deprivation. Public Library of Science 2020-12-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7714106/ /pubmed/33270701 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243028 Text en © 2020 Madhav et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
K. C., Madhav
Oral, Evrim
Straif-Bourgeois, Susanne
Rung, Ariane L.
Peters, Edward S.
The effect of area deprivation on COVID-19 risk in Louisiana
title The effect of area deprivation on COVID-19 risk in Louisiana
title_full The effect of area deprivation on COVID-19 risk in Louisiana
title_fullStr The effect of area deprivation on COVID-19 risk in Louisiana
title_full_unstemmed The effect of area deprivation on COVID-19 risk in Louisiana
title_short The effect of area deprivation on COVID-19 risk in Louisiana
title_sort effect of area deprivation on covid-19 risk in louisiana
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7714106/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33270701
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243028
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