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Effects of land-use change and related pressures on alien and native subsets of island communities

Island species and habitats are particularly vulnerable to human disturbances, and anthropogenic changes are increasingly overwriting natural island biogeographic patterns. However, quantitative comparisons of how native and alien assemblages respond to human disturbances are scarce. Using data from...

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Autores principales: Sánchez-Ortiz, Katia, Taylor, Kara J. M., De Palma, Adriana, Essl, Franz, Dawson, Wayne, Kreft, Holger, Pergl, Jan, Pyšek, Petr, van Kleunen, Mark, Weigelt, Patrick, Purvis, Andy
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7714193/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33270641
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227169
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author Sánchez-Ortiz, Katia
Taylor, Kara J. M.
De Palma, Adriana
Essl, Franz
Dawson, Wayne
Kreft, Holger
Pergl, Jan
Pyšek, Petr
van Kleunen, Mark
Weigelt, Patrick
Purvis, Andy
author_facet Sánchez-Ortiz, Katia
Taylor, Kara J. M.
De Palma, Adriana
Essl, Franz
Dawson, Wayne
Kreft, Holger
Pergl, Jan
Pyšek, Petr
van Kleunen, Mark
Weigelt, Patrick
Purvis, Andy
author_sort Sánchez-Ortiz, Katia
collection PubMed
description Island species and habitats are particularly vulnerable to human disturbances, and anthropogenic changes are increasingly overwriting natural island biogeographic patterns. However, quantitative comparisons of how native and alien assemblages respond to human disturbances are scarce. Using data from 6,242 species of vertebrates, invertebrates and plants, from 7,718 sites on 81 islands, we model how land-use change, human population density and distance to the nearest road affect local assemblages of alien and native species on islands. We found that land-use change reduces both richness and abundance of native species, whereas the number and abundance of alien species are high in plantation forests and agricultural or urban sites. In contrast to the long-established pattern for native species (i.e., decline in species number with island isolation), more isolated islands have more alien species across most land uses than do less isolated islands. We show that alien species play a major role in the turnover of island assemblages: our models show that aliens outnumber natives among the species present at disturbed sites but absent from minimally-disturbed primary vegetation. Finally, we found a homogenization pattern for both native and alien assemblages across sites within most land uses. The declines of native species on islands in the face of human pressures, and the particular proneness to invasions of the more remote islands, highlight the need to reduce the intensity of human pressures on islands and to prevent the introduction and establishment of alien species.
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spelling pubmed-77141932020-12-09 Effects of land-use change and related pressures on alien and native subsets of island communities Sánchez-Ortiz, Katia Taylor, Kara J. M. De Palma, Adriana Essl, Franz Dawson, Wayne Kreft, Holger Pergl, Jan Pyšek, Petr van Kleunen, Mark Weigelt, Patrick Purvis, Andy PLoS One Research Article Island species and habitats are particularly vulnerable to human disturbances, and anthropogenic changes are increasingly overwriting natural island biogeographic patterns. However, quantitative comparisons of how native and alien assemblages respond to human disturbances are scarce. Using data from 6,242 species of vertebrates, invertebrates and plants, from 7,718 sites on 81 islands, we model how land-use change, human population density and distance to the nearest road affect local assemblages of alien and native species on islands. We found that land-use change reduces both richness and abundance of native species, whereas the number and abundance of alien species are high in plantation forests and agricultural or urban sites. In contrast to the long-established pattern for native species (i.e., decline in species number with island isolation), more isolated islands have more alien species across most land uses than do less isolated islands. We show that alien species play a major role in the turnover of island assemblages: our models show that aliens outnumber natives among the species present at disturbed sites but absent from minimally-disturbed primary vegetation. Finally, we found a homogenization pattern for both native and alien assemblages across sites within most land uses. The declines of native species on islands in the face of human pressures, and the particular proneness to invasions of the more remote islands, highlight the need to reduce the intensity of human pressures on islands and to prevent the introduction and establishment of alien species. Public Library of Science 2020-12-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7714193/ /pubmed/33270641 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227169 Text en © 2020 Sánchez-Ortiz et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Sánchez-Ortiz, Katia
Taylor, Kara J. M.
De Palma, Adriana
Essl, Franz
Dawson, Wayne
Kreft, Holger
Pergl, Jan
Pyšek, Petr
van Kleunen, Mark
Weigelt, Patrick
Purvis, Andy
Effects of land-use change and related pressures on alien and native subsets of island communities
title Effects of land-use change and related pressures on alien and native subsets of island communities
title_full Effects of land-use change and related pressures on alien and native subsets of island communities
title_fullStr Effects of land-use change and related pressures on alien and native subsets of island communities
title_full_unstemmed Effects of land-use change and related pressures on alien and native subsets of island communities
title_short Effects of land-use change and related pressures on alien and native subsets of island communities
title_sort effects of land-use change and related pressures on alien and native subsets of island communities
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7714193/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33270641
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227169
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