The Role of Elastography in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The most common liver disease in developing countries is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This involves the abnormal accumulation of lipids in the liver, the pathogenesis of the disease being related to dyslipidemia, obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Most often, the diagnosi...

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Autores principales: CONSTANTINESCU, CODRUŢA, SĂNDULESCU, LARISA, SĂFTOIU, ADRIAN
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Medical University Publishing House Craiova 2020
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7716767/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33304627
http://dx.doi.org/10.12865/CHSJ.46.03.07
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author CONSTANTINESCU, CODRUŢA
SĂNDULESCU, LARISA
SĂFTOIU, ADRIAN
author_facet CONSTANTINESCU, CODRUŢA
SĂNDULESCU, LARISA
SĂFTOIU, ADRIAN
author_sort CONSTANTINESCU, CODRUŢA
collection PubMed
description The most common liver disease in developing countries is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This involves the abnormal accumulation of lipids in the liver, the pathogenesis of the disease being related to dyslipidemia, obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Most often, the diagnosis of NAFLD is incidental, when performing routine blood tests or when performing a transabdominal ultrasound. The NAFLD spectrum ranges from simple forms of hepatic steatosis to the most advanced form of the disease, steatohepatitis (NASH), which in evolution can cause inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis of the liver and even liver cancer. For the evaluation of the prognosis and the clinical evolution, the most important parameter to define is the degree of liver fibrosis. Currently, the gold standard remains the liver biopsy, the differentiation between NAFLD and NASH being made only on the basis of histological analysis. However, liver biopsy is an invasive procedure, with numerous risks such as bleeding, lesions of the other organs and complications related to anesthesia, which significantly reduces its widespread use. Moreover, the risk of a false negative result and the increased costs of the procedure further limits its use in current practice. For this reason, non-invasive methods of evaluating the degree of liver fibrosis have gained ground in recent years. Imaging techniques such as elastography have shown promising results in evaluating and staging NAFLD. The aim of this article is to review the current status of the non-invasive tests for the assessment of NAFLD with a focus on the ultrasound-based elastography techniques.
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spelling pubmed-77167672020-12-09 The Role of Elastography in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease CONSTANTINESCU, CODRUŢA SĂNDULESCU, LARISA SĂFTOIU, ADRIAN Curr Health Sci J Original Paper The most common liver disease in developing countries is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This involves the abnormal accumulation of lipids in the liver, the pathogenesis of the disease being related to dyslipidemia, obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Most often, the diagnosis of NAFLD is incidental, when performing routine blood tests or when performing a transabdominal ultrasound. The NAFLD spectrum ranges from simple forms of hepatic steatosis to the most advanced form of the disease, steatohepatitis (NASH), which in evolution can cause inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis of the liver and even liver cancer. For the evaluation of the prognosis and the clinical evolution, the most important parameter to define is the degree of liver fibrosis. Currently, the gold standard remains the liver biopsy, the differentiation between NAFLD and NASH being made only on the basis of histological analysis. However, liver biopsy is an invasive procedure, with numerous risks such as bleeding, lesions of the other organs and complications related to anesthesia, which significantly reduces its widespread use. Moreover, the risk of a false negative result and the increased costs of the procedure further limits its use in current practice. For this reason, non-invasive methods of evaluating the degree of liver fibrosis have gained ground in recent years. Imaging techniques such as elastography have shown promising results in evaluating and staging NAFLD. The aim of this article is to review the current status of the non-invasive tests for the assessment of NAFLD with a focus on the ultrasound-based elastography techniques. Medical University Publishing House Craiova 2020 2020-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7716767/ /pubmed/33304627 http://dx.doi.org/10.12865/CHSJ.46.03.07 Text en Copyright © 2014, Medical University Publishing House Craiova http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License, which permits unrestricted use, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium, non-commercially, provided the new creations are licensed under identical terms as the original work and the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Paper
CONSTANTINESCU, CODRUŢA
SĂNDULESCU, LARISA
SĂFTOIU, ADRIAN
The Role of Elastography in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title The Role of Elastography in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title_full The Role of Elastography in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title_fullStr The Role of Elastography in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title_full_unstemmed The Role of Elastography in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title_short The Role of Elastography in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title_sort role of elastography in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
topic Original Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7716767/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33304627
http://dx.doi.org/10.12865/CHSJ.46.03.07
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