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Deficits in Prediction Ability Trigger Asymmetries in Behavior and Internal Representation

Predictive coding is an emerging theoretical framework for explaining human perception and behavior. The proposed underlying mechanism is that signals encoding sensory information are integrated with signals representing the brain's prior prediction. Imbalance or aberrant precision of the two s...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Philippsen, Anja, Nagai, Yukie
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7716881/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33329104
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.564415
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author Philippsen, Anja
Nagai, Yukie
author_facet Philippsen, Anja
Nagai, Yukie
author_sort Philippsen, Anja
collection PubMed
description Predictive coding is an emerging theoretical framework for explaining human perception and behavior. The proposed underlying mechanism is that signals encoding sensory information are integrated with signals representing the brain's prior prediction. Imbalance or aberrant precision of the two signals has been suggested as a potential cause for developmental disorders. Computational models may help to understand how such aberrant tendencies in prediction affect development and behavior. In this study, we used a computational approach to test the hypothesis that parametric modifications of prediction ability generate a spectrum of network representations that might reflect the spectrum from typical development to potential disorders. Specifically, we trained recurrent neural networks to draw simple figure trajectories, and found that altering reliance on sensory and prior signals during learning affected the networks' performance and the emergent internal representation. Specifically, both overly strong or weak reliance on predictions impaired network representations, but drawing performance did not always reflect this impairment. Thus, aberrant predictive coding causes asymmetries in behavioral output and internal representations. We discuss the findings in the context of autism spectrum disorder, where we hypothesize that too weak or too strong a reliance on predictions may be the cause of the large diversity of symptoms associated with this disorder.
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spelling pubmed-77168812020-12-15 Deficits in Prediction Ability Trigger Asymmetries in Behavior and Internal Representation Philippsen, Anja Nagai, Yukie Front Psychiatry Psychiatry Predictive coding is an emerging theoretical framework for explaining human perception and behavior. The proposed underlying mechanism is that signals encoding sensory information are integrated with signals representing the brain's prior prediction. Imbalance or aberrant precision of the two signals has been suggested as a potential cause for developmental disorders. Computational models may help to understand how such aberrant tendencies in prediction affect development and behavior. In this study, we used a computational approach to test the hypothesis that parametric modifications of prediction ability generate a spectrum of network representations that might reflect the spectrum from typical development to potential disorders. Specifically, we trained recurrent neural networks to draw simple figure trajectories, and found that altering reliance on sensory and prior signals during learning affected the networks' performance and the emergent internal representation. Specifically, both overly strong or weak reliance on predictions impaired network representations, but drawing performance did not always reflect this impairment. Thus, aberrant predictive coding causes asymmetries in behavioral output and internal representations. We discuss the findings in the context of autism spectrum disorder, where we hypothesize that too weak or too strong a reliance on predictions may be the cause of the large diversity of symptoms associated with this disorder. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-11-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7716881/ /pubmed/33329104 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.564415 Text en Copyright © 2020 Philippsen and Nagai. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychiatry
Philippsen, Anja
Nagai, Yukie
Deficits in Prediction Ability Trigger Asymmetries in Behavior and Internal Representation
title Deficits in Prediction Ability Trigger Asymmetries in Behavior and Internal Representation
title_full Deficits in Prediction Ability Trigger Asymmetries in Behavior and Internal Representation
title_fullStr Deficits in Prediction Ability Trigger Asymmetries in Behavior and Internal Representation
title_full_unstemmed Deficits in Prediction Ability Trigger Asymmetries in Behavior and Internal Representation
title_short Deficits in Prediction Ability Trigger Asymmetries in Behavior and Internal Representation
title_sort deficits in prediction ability trigger asymmetries in behavior and internal representation
topic Psychiatry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7716881/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33329104
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.564415
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