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Diabetes and Covid-19 among hospitalized patients in Saudi Arabia: a single-centre retrospective study
BACKGROUND: Information on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized Covid-19 patients with or without diabetes mellitus (DM) is limited in the Arab region. This study aims to fill this gap. METHODS: In this single-center retrospective study, medical records of hospitalized adults wi...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7718833/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33278893 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12933-020-01184-4 |
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author | Alguwaihes, Abdullah M. Al-Sofiani, Mohammed E. Megdad, Maram Albader, Sakhar S. Alsari, Mohammad H. Alelayan, Ali Alzahrani, Saad H. Sabico, Shaun Al-Daghri, Nasser M. Jammah, Anwar A. |
author_facet | Alguwaihes, Abdullah M. Al-Sofiani, Mohammed E. Megdad, Maram Albader, Sakhar S. Alsari, Mohammad H. Alelayan, Ali Alzahrani, Saad H. Sabico, Shaun Al-Daghri, Nasser M. Jammah, Anwar A. |
author_sort | Alguwaihes, Abdullah M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Information on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized Covid-19 patients with or without diabetes mellitus (DM) is limited in the Arab region. This study aims to fill this gap. METHODS: In this single-center retrospective study, medical records of hospitalized adults with confirmed Covid-19 [RT-PCR positive for SARS-CoV2] at King Saud University Medical City (KSUMC)-King Khaled University Hospital (KKUH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from May to July 2020 were analyzed. Clinical, radiological and serological information, as well as outcomes were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 439 patients were included (median age 55 years; 68.3% men). The most prevalent comorbidities were vitamin D deficiency (74.7%), DM (68.3%), hypertension (42.6%) and obesity (42.2%). During hospitalization, 77 out of the 439 patients (17.5%) died. DM patients have a significantly higher death rate (20.5% versus 12.3%; p = 0.04) and lower survival time (p = 0.016) than non-DM. Multivariate cox proportional hazards regression model revealed that age [Hazards ratio, HR 3.0 (95% confidence interval, CI 1.7–5.3); p < 0.001], congestive heart failure [adjusted HR 3.5 (CI 1.4–8.3); p = 0.006], smoking [adjusted HR 5.8 (CI 2.0–17.2); p < 0.001], β-blocker use [adjusted HR 1.7 (CI 1.0–2.9); p = 0.04], bilateral lung infiltrates [adjusted HR 1.9 (CI 1.1–3.3); p = 0.02], creatinine > 90 µmol/l [adjusted HR 2.1 (CI 1.3–3.5); p = 0.004] and 25(OH)D < 12.5 nmol/l [adjusted HR 7.0 (CI 1.7–28.2); p = 0.007] were significant predictors of mortality among hospitalized Covid-19 patients. Random blood glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/l was significantly associated with intensive care admission [adjusted HR 1.5 (CI 1.0–2.2); p = 0.04], as well as smoking, β-blocker use, neutrophil > 7.5, creatinine > 90 µmol/l and alanine aminotransferase > 65U/l. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of DM is high among hospitalized Covid-19 patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. While DM patients have a higher mortality rate than their non-DM counterparts, other factors such as old age, congestive heart failure, smoking, β-blocker use, presence of bilateral lung infiltrates, elevated creatinine and severe vitamin D deficiency, appear to be more significant predictors of fatal outcome. Patients with acute metabolic dysfunctions, including hyperglycemia on admission are more likely to receive intensive care. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7718833 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77188332020-12-07 Diabetes and Covid-19 among hospitalized patients in Saudi Arabia: a single-centre retrospective study Alguwaihes, Abdullah M. Al-Sofiani, Mohammed E. Megdad, Maram Albader, Sakhar S. Alsari, Mohammad H. Alelayan, Ali Alzahrani, Saad H. Sabico, Shaun Al-Daghri, Nasser M. Jammah, Anwar A. Cardiovasc Diabetol Original Investigation BACKGROUND: Information on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized Covid-19 patients with or without diabetes mellitus (DM) is limited in the Arab region. This study aims to fill this gap. METHODS: In this single-center retrospective study, medical records of hospitalized adults with confirmed Covid-19 [RT-PCR positive for SARS-CoV2] at King Saud University Medical City (KSUMC)-King Khaled University Hospital (KKUH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from May to July 2020 were analyzed. Clinical, radiological and serological information, as well as outcomes were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 439 patients were included (median age 55 years; 68.3% men). The most prevalent comorbidities were vitamin D deficiency (74.7%), DM (68.3%), hypertension (42.6%) and obesity (42.2%). During hospitalization, 77 out of the 439 patients (17.5%) died. DM patients have a significantly higher death rate (20.5% versus 12.3%; p = 0.04) and lower survival time (p = 0.016) than non-DM. Multivariate cox proportional hazards regression model revealed that age [Hazards ratio, HR 3.0 (95% confidence interval, CI 1.7–5.3); p < 0.001], congestive heart failure [adjusted HR 3.5 (CI 1.4–8.3); p = 0.006], smoking [adjusted HR 5.8 (CI 2.0–17.2); p < 0.001], β-blocker use [adjusted HR 1.7 (CI 1.0–2.9); p = 0.04], bilateral lung infiltrates [adjusted HR 1.9 (CI 1.1–3.3); p = 0.02], creatinine > 90 µmol/l [adjusted HR 2.1 (CI 1.3–3.5); p = 0.004] and 25(OH)D < 12.5 nmol/l [adjusted HR 7.0 (CI 1.7–28.2); p = 0.007] were significant predictors of mortality among hospitalized Covid-19 patients. Random blood glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/l was significantly associated with intensive care admission [adjusted HR 1.5 (CI 1.0–2.2); p = 0.04], as well as smoking, β-blocker use, neutrophil > 7.5, creatinine > 90 µmol/l and alanine aminotransferase > 65U/l. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of DM is high among hospitalized Covid-19 patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. While DM patients have a higher mortality rate than their non-DM counterparts, other factors such as old age, congestive heart failure, smoking, β-blocker use, presence of bilateral lung infiltrates, elevated creatinine and severe vitamin D deficiency, appear to be more significant predictors of fatal outcome. Patients with acute metabolic dysfunctions, including hyperglycemia on admission are more likely to receive intensive care. BioMed Central 2020-12-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7718833/ /pubmed/33278893 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12933-020-01184-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Original Investigation Alguwaihes, Abdullah M. Al-Sofiani, Mohammed E. Megdad, Maram Albader, Sakhar S. Alsari, Mohammad H. Alelayan, Ali Alzahrani, Saad H. Sabico, Shaun Al-Daghri, Nasser M. Jammah, Anwar A. Diabetes and Covid-19 among hospitalized patients in Saudi Arabia: a single-centre retrospective study |
title | Diabetes and Covid-19 among hospitalized patients in Saudi Arabia: a single-centre retrospective study |
title_full | Diabetes and Covid-19 among hospitalized patients in Saudi Arabia: a single-centre retrospective study |
title_fullStr | Diabetes and Covid-19 among hospitalized patients in Saudi Arabia: a single-centre retrospective study |
title_full_unstemmed | Diabetes and Covid-19 among hospitalized patients in Saudi Arabia: a single-centre retrospective study |
title_short | Diabetes and Covid-19 among hospitalized patients in Saudi Arabia: a single-centre retrospective study |
title_sort | diabetes and covid-19 among hospitalized patients in saudi arabia: a single-centre retrospective study |
topic | Original Investigation |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7718833/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33278893 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12933-020-01184-4 |
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