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Incremental Costs Associated with Length of Hospitalization Due to Viral Pneumonia: Impact of Intensive Care and Economic Implications of Reducing the Length of Stay in the Era of COVID-19

BACKGROUND: Emerging trial data for treatment of COVID-19 suggest that in addition to improved clinical outcomes, these treatments reduce length of hospital stay (LOS). However, the economic value of a shortened LOS is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To estimate incremental costs per day of hospitalization for...

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Autores principales: Wu, Ning, Kuznik, Andreas, Wang, Degang, Moretz, Chad, Xi, Ann, Kumar, Shambhavi, Hamilton, Laurie
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7719315/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33293840
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CEOR.S280461
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author Wu, Ning
Kuznik, Andreas
Wang, Degang
Moretz, Chad
Xi, Ann
Kumar, Shambhavi
Hamilton, Laurie
author_facet Wu, Ning
Kuznik, Andreas
Wang, Degang
Moretz, Chad
Xi, Ann
Kumar, Shambhavi
Hamilton, Laurie
author_sort Wu, Ning
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Emerging trial data for treatment of COVID-19 suggest that in addition to improved clinical outcomes, these treatments reduce length of hospital stay (LOS). However, the economic value of a shortened LOS is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To estimate incremental costs per day of hospitalization for a patient with influenza or viral pneumonia, as a proxy for COVID-19; ICU costs associated with invasive mechanical ventilation (iMV) were also determined. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of claims-based data was conducted using the IBM MarketScan(®) Commercial Claims and Encounters and Medicare Supplemental and Coordination of Care and the Medicare Fee-for-Service claims databases for hospitalizations due to influenza/viral pneumonia between January 2018 and June 2019. Cases were stratified as uncomplicated hospitalizations or with ICU. Ordinary least squares regression, excluding LOS or costs exceeding the 99th percentile (base case), was used to estimate incremental costs per day; a sensitivity analysis included all qualified hospitalizations. Additional sensitivity analyses used weighting methodology. RESULTS: Among 6055 and 118,419 hospitalizations in the commercially insured and Medicare databases, respectively, 5958 and 116,552 hospitalizations, respectively, represented the base case. Estimated incremental base case costs per additional inpatient day were $2158 and $3900 in the commercial population for uncomplicated hospitalizations and hospitalizations with ICU, respectively, and $475 and $668, respectively in the Medicare population. Estimated incremental base case costs per additional ICU day were $5254 and $608 for Commercial and Medicare populations, respectively. Higher absolute costs were estimated in the sensitivity analysis on all qualified hospitalizations; the weighted sensitivity analyses generally showed that estimates were stable. Use of iMV increased costs by $35,482 and $13,101 in the commercial and Medicare populations, respectively. CONCLUSION: The incremental daily cost of a hospitalization is substantial for US patients with commercial insurance and for Medicare patients. These findings may help quantify the economic value of COVID-19 treatments that reduce LOS.
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spelling pubmed-77193152020-12-07 Incremental Costs Associated with Length of Hospitalization Due to Viral Pneumonia: Impact of Intensive Care and Economic Implications of Reducing the Length of Stay in the Era of COVID-19 Wu, Ning Kuznik, Andreas Wang, Degang Moretz, Chad Xi, Ann Kumar, Shambhavi Hamilton, Laurie Clinicoecon Outcomes Res Original Research BACKGROUND: Emerging trial data for treatment of COVID-19 suggest that in addition to improved clinical outcomes, these treatments reduce length of hospital stay (LOS). However, the economic value of a shortened LOS is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To estimate incremental costs per day of hospitalization for a patient with influenza or viral pneumonia, as a proxy for COVID-19; ICU costs associated with invasive mechanical ventilation (iMV) were also determined. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of claims-based data was conducted using the IBM MarketScan(®) Commercial Claims and Encounters and Medicare Supplemental and Coordination of Care and the Medicare Fee-for-Service claims databases for hospitalizations due to influenza/viral pneumonia between January 2018 and June 2019. Cases were stratified as uncomplicated hospitalizations or with ICU. Ordinary least squares regression, excluding LOS or costs exceeding the 99th percentile (base case), was used to estimate incremental costs per day; a sensitivity analysis included all qualified hospitalizations. Additional sensitivity analyses used weighting methodology. RESULTS: Among 6055 and 118,419 hospitalizations in the commercially insured and Medicare databases, respectively, 5958 and 116,552 hospitalizations, respectively, represented the base case. Estimated incremental base case costs per additional inpatient day were $2158 and $3900 in the commercial population for uncomplicated hospitalizations and hospitalizations with ICU, respectively, and $475 and $668, respectively in the Medicare population. Estimated incremental base case costs per additional ICU day were $5254 and $608 for Commercial and Medicare populations, respectively. Higher absolute costs were estimated in the sensitivity analysis on all qualified hospitalizations; the weighted sensitivity analyses generally showed that estimates were stable. Use of iMV increased costs by $35,482 and $13,101 in the commercial and Medicare populations, respectively. CONCLUSION: The incremental daily cost of a hospitalization is substantial for US patients with commercial insurance and for Medicare patients. These findings may help quantify the economic value of COVID-19 treatments that reduce LOS. Dove 2020-12-02 /pmc/articles/PMC7719315/ /pubmed/33293840 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CEOR.S280461 Text en © 2020 Wu et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).
spellingShingle Original Research
Wu, Ning
Kuznik, Andreas
Wang, Degang
Moretz, Chad
Xi, Ann
Kumar, Shambhavi
Hamilton, Laurie
Incremental Costs Associated with Length of Hospitalization Due to Viral Pneumonia: Impact of Intensive Care and Economic Implications of Reducing the Length of Stay in the Era of COVID-19
title Incremental Costs Associated with Length of Hospitalization Due to Viral Pneumonia: Impact of Intensive Care and Economic Implications of Reducing the Length of Stay in the Era of COVID-19
title_full Incremental Costs Associated with Length of Hospitalization Due to Viral Pneumonia: Impact of Intensive Care and Economic Implications of Reducing the Length of Stay in the Era of COVID-19
title_fullStr Incremental Costs Associated with Length of Hospitalization Due to Viral Pneumonia: Impact of Intensive Care and Economic Implications of Reducing the Length of Stay in the Era of COVID-19
title_full_unstemmed Incremental Costs Associated with Length of Hospitalization Due to Viral Pneumonia: Impact of Intensive Care and Economic Implications of Reducing the Length of Stay in the Era of COVID-19
title_short Incremental Costs Associated with Length of Hospitalization Due to Viral Pneumonia: Impact of Intensive Care and Economic Implications of Reducing the Length of Stay in the Era of COVID-19
title_sort incremental costs associated with length of hospitalization due to viral pneumonia: impact of intensive care and economic implications of reducing the length of stay in the era of covid-19
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7719315/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33293840
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CEOR.S280461
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