Polymorphisms of TGF-β1 and TGF-β3 in Chinese women with gestational diabetes mellitus

BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a pregnancy-specific carbohydrate intolerance Which can cause a large number of perinatal and postpartum complications. The members of Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily play key roles in the homeostasis of pancreatic β-cell and may involve in the development of GDM. This study aimed to explore the association between the polymorphisms of TGF-β1, TGF-β3 and the risk to GDM in Chinese women. METHODS: This study included 919 GDM patients (464 with preeclampsia and 455 without preeclampsia) and 1177 healthy pregnant women. TaqMan allelic discrimination real-Time PCR was used to genotype the TGF-β1 (rs4803455) and TGF-β3 (rs2284792 and rs3917201), The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was evaluated by chi-square test. RESULTS: An increased frequency of TGF-β3 rs2284792 AA and AG genotype carriers was founded in GDM patients (AA vs. AG + GG: χ(2) = 6.314, P = 0.012, OR = 1.270, 95%CI 1.054–1.530; AG vs. GG + AA: χ(2) = 8.545, P = 0.003, OR = 0.773, 95%CI 0.650–0.919). But there were no significant differences in the distribution of TGF-β1 rs4803455 and TGF-β3 rs3917201 between GDM and healthy women. In addition, no significant differences were found in allele and genotype frequencies among GDM patients with preeclampsia (PE). CONCLUSIONS: The AA and AG genotype of TGF-β3 rs2284792 polymorphism may be significantly associated with increased risk of GDM in Chinese population. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12884-020-03459-w.