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Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Two Mitochondrial Gene Sequences of Strobilocercus Fasciolaris in the Livers of Brown Rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Heilongjiang Province in Northeastern China

Rodents constitute the largest and most successful group of mammals worldwide. Brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) are one of the most common rodent species, and they serve as intermediate hosts of Hydatigera taeniaeformis. Although there have been a few studies reporting on the presence of the larval fo...

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Autores principales: Zhao, Fengnian, Zhou, Yun, Wu, Yanchen, Zhou, Kexin, Liu, Aiqin, Yang, Fengkun, Zhang, Weizhe
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7723829/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33324575
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.588107
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author Zhao, Fengnian
Zhou, Yun
Wu, Yanchen
Zhou, Kexin
Liu, Aiqin
Yang, Fengkun
Zhang, Weizhe
author_facet Zhao, Fengnian
Zhou, Yun
Wu, Yanchen
Zhou, Kexin
Liu, Aiqin
Yang, Fengkun
Zhang, Weizhe
author_sort Zhao, Fengnian
collection PubMed
description Rodents constitute the largest and most successful group of mammals worldwide. Brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) are one of the most common rodent species, and they serve as intermediate hosts of Hydatigera taeniaeformis. Although there have been a few studies reporting on the presence of the larval form of H. taeniaeformis (strobilocercus fasciolaris) in brown rats worldwide, little information is available on the genetic characterization of this parasite, with no molecular data from China. Therefore, from April 2014 to March 2016, this study was carried out to understand the prevalence and genetic characters of strobilocercus fasciolaris in brown rats captured in Heilongjiang Province in northeastern China. The livers of brown rats were collected and examined for the presence of cysts. Each cyst was identified based on morphological observation: the larvae with the naked eye and the scolexes under a microscope. The results were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 (nad4) genes. At the investigated sites, 11.8% (13/110) of the brown rats were infected with strobilocercus fasciolaris. Based on sequence analysis, there were 10 and six haplotypes regarding the cox1 and the nad4 loci, with 24 and 42 polymorphic sites, respectively (degree of intraspecific variation: 0.3%–4.4% and 0.6%–4.7%, respectively). Twelve nucleotide sequences (six of the 10 at the cox1 locus and all six at the nad4 locus) have not previously been described. Base differences in three of the six novel cox1 gene sequences and five of the six novel nad4 gene sequences caused amino acid changes. Phylogenetic analyses of the cox1 and nad4 gene sequences based on neighbor-joining and Bayesian inference trees indicated that all the strobilocercus fasciolaris isolates belonged to Hydatigera taeniaeformis sensu stricto (s.s.). This is the first report on the genetic characterization of strobilocercus fasciolaris in brown rats in China. The findings of novel cox1 and nad4 nucleotide and amino acid sequences may reflect the region-specific genetic characterization of the parasite. The data will be useful to explore the biological and epidemiological significance of the intraspecific variation within H. taeniaeformis s.s.
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spelling pubmed-77238292020-12-14 Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Two Mitochondrial Gene Sequences of Strobilocercus Fasciolaris in the Livers of Brown Rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Heilongjiang Province in Northeastern China Zhao, Fengnian Zhou, Yun Wu, Yanchen Zhou, Kexin Liu, Aiqin Yang, Fengkun Zhang, Weizhe Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology Rodents constitute the largest and most successful group of mammals worldwide. Brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) are one of the most common rodent species, and they serve as intermediate hosts of Hydatigera taeniaeformis. Although there have been a few studies reporting on the presence of the larval form of H. taeniaeformis (strobilocercus fasciolaris) in brown rats worldwide, little information is available on the genetic characterization of this parasite, with no molecular data from China. Therefore, from April 2014 to March 2016, this study was carried out to understand the prevalence and genetic characters of strobilocercus fasciolaris in brown rats captured in Heilongjiang Province in northeastern China. The livers of brown rats were collected and examined for the presence of cysts. Each cyst was identified based on morphological observation: the larvae with the naked eye and the scolexes under a microscope. The results were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 (nad4) genes. At the investigated sites, 11.8% (13/110) of the brown rats were infected with strobilocercus fasciolaris. Based on sequence analysis, there were 10 and six haplotypes regarding the cox1 and the nad4 loci, with 24 and 42 polymorphic sites, respectively (degree of intraspecific variation: 0.3%–4.4% and 0.6%–4.7%, respectively). Twelve nucleotide sequences (six of the 10 at the cox1 locus and all six at the nad4 locus) have not previously been described. Base differences in three of the six novel cox1 gene sequences and five of the six novel nad4 gene sequences caused amino acid changes. Phylogenetic analyses of the cox1 and nad4 gene sequences based on neighbor-joining and Bayesian inference trees indicated that all the strobilocercus fasciolaris isolates belonged to Hydatigera taeniaeformis sensu stricto (s.s.). This is the first report on the genetic characterization of strobilocercus fasciolaris in brown rats in China. The findings of novel cox1 and nad4 nucleotide and amino acid sequences may reflect the region-specific genetic characterization of the parasite. The data will be useful to explore the biological and epidemiological significance of the intraspecific variation within H. taeniaeformis s.s. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-11-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7723829/ /pubmed/33324575 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.588107 Text en Copyright © 2020 Zhao, Zhou, Wu, Zhou, Liu, Yang and Zhang http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Zhao, Fengnian
Zhou, Yun
Wu, Yanchen
Zhou, Kexin
Liu, Aiqin
Yang, Fengkun
Zhang, Weizhe
Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Two Mitochondrial Gene Sequences of Strobilocercus Fasciolaris in the Livers of Brown Rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Heilongjiang Province in Northeastern China
title Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Two Mitochondrial Gene Sequences of Strobilocercus Fasciolaris in the Livers of Brown Rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Heilongjiang Province in Northeastern China
title_full Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Two Mitochondrial Gene Sequences of Strobilocercus Fasciolaris in the Livers of Brown Rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Heilongjiang Province in Northeastern China
title_fullStr Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Two Mitochondrial Gene Sequences of Strobilocercus Fasciolaris in the Livers of Brown Rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Heilongjiang Province in Northeastern China
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Two Mitochondrial Gene Sequences of Strobilocercus Fasciolaris in the Livers of Brown Rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Heilongjiang Province in Northeastern China
title_short Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Two Mitochondrial Gene Sequences of Strobilocercus Fasciolaris in the Livers of Brown Rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Heilongjiang Province in Northeastern China
title_sort prevalence and genetic characterization of two mitochondrial gene sequences of strobilocercus fasciolaris in the livers of brown rats (rattus norvegicus) in heilongjiang province in northeastern china
topic Cellular and Infection Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7723829/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33324575
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.588107
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