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Electronic cigarette use patterns and chronic health conditions among people experiencing homelessness in MN: a statewide survey

BACKGROUND: Adults experiencing homelessness have higher rates of disease and premature morbidity compared to the general population. Tobacco use is a primary contributing factor to these disparities; however, less is known regarding e-cigarette use patterns among adults experiencing homelessness an...

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Autores principales: Leavens, Eleanor L. S., Ford, Becky R., Ojo-Fati, Olamide, Winkelman, Tyler N. A., Vickery, Katherine Diaz, Japuntich, Sandra J., Busch, Andrew M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7724886/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33297999
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09919-4
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author Leavens, Eleanor L. S.
Ford, Becky R.
Ojo-Fati, Olamide
Winkelman, Tyler N. A.
Vickery, Katherine Diaz
Japuntich, Sandra J.
Busch, Andrew M.
author_facet Leavens, Eleanor L. S.
Ford, Becky R.
Ojo-Fati, Olamide
Winkelman, Tyler N. A.
Vickery, Katherine Diaz
Japuntich, Sandra J.
Busch, Andrew M.
author_sort Leavens, Eleanor L. S.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Adults experiencing homelessness have higher rates of disease and premature morbidity compared to the general population. Tobacco use is a primary contributing factor to these disparities; however, less is known regarding e-cigarette use patterns among adults experiencing homelessness and whether e-cigarettes are used in a manner that is narrowing or widening health disparities. This study aimed to describe the 1) prevalence and trends in e-cigarette use, 2) correlates of e-cigarettes use, and 3) rates of chronic health conditions by product use pattern in a community-based sample of adults experiencing homelessness. METHODS: Adults experiencing homelessness in Minnesota were surveyed by self-report in 2015 (n = 3672) and 2018 (n = 4181) regarding e-cigarette and combustible cigarette use, potential correlates of e-cigarette use, and self-reported chronic health conditions (i.e., asthma, hypertension, diabetes, and cancer). RESULTS: Frequency of use increased from 2015 to 2018 for combustible cigarettes (66.9% vs. 72.3%), e-cigarettes (11.4% vs. 14.5%), and dual combustible/e-cigarette use (10.2% vs. 12.9%). The strongest bivariate correlates of past 30-day e-cigarette use were younger age, non-binary gender identification, non-heterosexual orientation, identification as White/Caucasian, greater frequency of lifetime homelessness, substance use, lack of regular place for medical care, mental health diagnosis, criminal justice involvement, and combustible cigarette smoking. Dual users had significantly higher rates of asthma and cancer than both those using combustible cigarettes and those using neither combustible nor e-cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS: During a time when cigarette smoking, e-cigarette use, and dual use were decreasing in the general population in Minnesota, rates increased in the homeless population. We observed that the rates of dual use were more than five times greater among homeless adults compared to the general population in 2018. Correlates of e-cigarette use were identified and should be used to identify subpopulations for intervention targeting. Mechanisms of the relationship between dual use and increased risks of health conditions deserve further study. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-020-09919-4.
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spelling pubmed-77248862020-12-09 Electronic cigarette use patterns and chronic health conditions among people experiencing homelessness in MN: a statewide survey Leavens, Eleanor L. S. Ford, Becky R. Ojo-Fati, Olamide Winkelman, Tyler N. A. Vickery, Katherine Diaz Japuntich, Sandra J. Busch, Andrew M. BMC Public Health Research Article BACKGROUND: Adults experiencing homelessness have higher rates of disease and premature morbidity compared to the general population. Tobacco use is a primary contributing factor to these disparities; however, less is known regarding e-cigarette use patterns among adults experiencing homelessness and whether e-cigarettes are used in a manner that is narrowing or widening health disparities. This study aimed to describe the 1) prevalence and trends in e-cigarette use, 2) correlates of e-cigarettes use, and 3) rates of chronic health conditions by product use pattern in a community-based sample of adults experiencing homelessness. METHODS: Adults experiencing homelessness in Minnesota were surveyed by self-report in 2015 (n = 3672) and 2018 (n = 4181) regarding e-cigarette and combustible cigarette use, potential correlates of e-cigarette use, and self-reported chronic health conditions (i.e., asthma, hypertension, diabetes, and cancer). RESULTS: Frequency of use increased from 2015 to 2018 for combustible cigarettes (66.9% vs. 72.3%), e-cigarettes (11.4% vs. 14.5%), and dual combustible/e-cigarette use (10.2% vs. 12.9%). The strongest bivariate correlates of past 30-day e-cigarette use were younger age, non-binary gender identification, non-heterosexual orientation, identification as White/Caucasian, greater frequency of lifetime homelessness, substance use, lack of regular place for medical care, mental health diagnosis, criminal justice involvement, and combustible cigarette smoking. Dual users had significantly higher rates of asthma and cancer than both those using combustible cigarettes and those using neither combustible nor e-cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS: During a time when cigarette smoking, e-cigarette use, and dual use were decreasing in the general population in Minnesota, rates increased in the homeless population. We observed that the rates of dual use were more than five times greater among homeless adults compared to the general population in 2018. Correlates of e-cigarette use were identified and should be used to identify subpopulations for intervention targeting. Mechanisms of the relationship between dual use and increased risks of health conditions deserve further study. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-020-09919-4. BioMed Central 2020-12-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7724886/ /pubmed/33297999 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09919-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research Article
Leavens, Eleanor L. S.
Ford, Becky R.
Ojo-Fati, Olamide
Winkelman, Tyler N. A.
Vickery, Katherine Diaz
Japuntich, Sandra J.
Busch, Andrew M.
Electronic cigarette use patterns and chronic health conditions among people experiencing homelessness in MN: a statewide survey
title Electronic cigarette use patterns and chronic health conditions among people experiencing homelessness in MN: a statewide survey
title_full Electronic cigarette use patterns and chronic health conditions among people experiencing homelessness in MN: a statewide survey
title_fullStr Electronic cigarette use patterns and chronic health conditions among people experiencing homelessness in MN: a statewide survey
title_full_unstemmed Electronic cigarette use patterns and chronic health conditions among people experiencing homelessness in MN: a statewide survey
title_short Electronic cigarette use patterns and chronic health conditions among people experiencing homelessness in MN: a statewide survey
title_sort electronic cigarette use patterns and chronic health conditions among people experiencing homelessness in mn: a statewide survey
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7724886/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33297999
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09919-4
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