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Role of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Plasticity and Interactions in Vessel Wall Inflammation

The pathobiology of atherosclerotic disease requires further elucidation to discover new approaches to address its high morbidity and mortality. To date, over 17 million cardiovascular-related deaths have been reported annually, despite a multitude of surgical and nonsurgical interventions and advan...

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Autores principales: Sorokin, Vitaly, Vickneson, Keeran, Kofidis, Theo, Woo, Chin Cheng, Lin, Xiao Yun, Foo, Roger, Shanahan, Catherine M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7726011/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33324416
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.599415
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author Sorokin, Vitaly
Vickneson, Keeran
Kofidis, Theo
Woo, Chin Cheng
Lin, Xiao Yun
Foo, Roger
Shanahan, Catherine M.
author_facet Sorokin, Vitaly
Vickneson, Keeran
Kofidis, Theo
Woo, Chin Cheng
Lin, Xiao Yun
Foo, Roger
Shanahan, Catherine M.
author_sort Sorokin, Vitaly
collection PubMed
description The pathobiology of atherosclerotic disease requires further elucidation to discover new approaches to address its high morbidity and mortality. To date, over 17 million cardiovascular-related deaths have been reported annually, despite a multitude of surgical and nonsurgical interventions and advances in medical therapy. Existing strategies to prevent disease progression mainly focus on management of risk factors, such as hypercholesterolemia. Even with optimum current medical therapy, recurrent cardiovascular events are not uncommon in patients with atherosclerosis, and their incidence can reach 10–15% per year. Although treatments targeting inflammation are under investigation and continue to evolve, clinical breakthroughs are possible only if we deepen our understanding of vessel wall pathobiology. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are one of the most abundant cells in vessel walls and have emerged as key players in disease progression. New technologies, including in situ hybridization proximity ligation assays, in vivo cell fate tracing with the CreER(T2)-loxP system and single-cell sequencing technology with spatial resolution, broaden our understanding of the complex biology of these intriguing cells. Our knowledge of contractile and synthetic VSMC phenotype switching has expanded to include macrophage-like and even osteoblast-like VSMC phenotypes. An increasing body of data suggests that VSMCs have remarkable plasticity and play a key role in cell-to-cell crosstalk with endothelial cells and immune cells during the complex process of inflammation. These are cells that sense, interact with and influence the behavior of other cellular components of the vessel wall. It is now more obvious that VSMC plasticity and the ability to perform nonprofessional phagocytic functions are key phenomena maintaining the inflammatory state and senescent condition and actively interacting with different immune competent cells.
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spelling pubmed-77260112020-12-14 Role of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Plasticity and Interactions in Vessel Wall Inflammation Sorokin, Vitaly Vickneson, Keeran Kofidis, Theo Woo, Chin Cheng Lin, Xiao Yun Foo, Roger Shanahan, Catherine M. Front Immunol Immunology The pathobiology of atherosclerotic disease requires further elucidation to discover new approaches to address its high morbidity and mortality. To date, over 17 million cardiovascular-related deaths have been reported annually, despite a multitude of surgical and nonsurgical interventions and advances in medical therapy. Existing strategies to prevent disease progression mainly focus on management of risk factors, such as hypercholesterolemia. Even with optimum current medical therapy, recurrent cardiovascular events are not uncommon in patients with atherosclerosis, and their incidence can reach 10–15% per year. Although treatments targeting inflammation are under investigation and continue to evolve, clinical breakthroughs are possible only if we deepen our understanding of vessel wall pathobiology. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are one of the most abundant cells in vessel walls and have emerged as key players in disease progression. New technologies, including in situ hybridization proximity ligation assays, in vivo cell fate tracing with the CreER(T2)-loxP system and single-cell sequencing technology with spatial resolution, broaden our understanding of the complex biology of these intriguing cells. Our knowledge of contractile and synthetic VSMC phenotype switching has expanded to include macrophage-like and even osteoblast-like VSMC phenotypes. An increasing body of data suggests that VSMCs have remarkable plasticity and play a key role in cell-to-cell crosstalk with endothelial cells and immune cells during the complex process of inflammation. These are cells that sense, interact with and influence the behavior of other cellular components of the vessel wall. It is now more obvious that VSMC plasticity and the ability to perform nonprofessional phagocytic functions are key phenomena maintaining the inflammatory state and senescent condition and actively interacting with different immune competent cells. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-11-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7726011/ /pubmed/33324416 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.599415 Text en Copyright © 2020 Sorokin, Vickneson, Kofidis, Woo, Lin, Foo and Shanahan http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Sorokin, Vitaly
Vickneson, Keeran
Kofidis, Theo
Woo, Chin Cheng
Lin, Xiao Yun
Foo, Roger
Shanahan, Catherine M.
Role of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Plasticity and Interactions in Vessel Wall Inflammation
title Role of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Plasticity and Interactions in Vessel Wall Inflammation
title_full Role of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Plasticity and Interactions in Vessel Wall Inflammation
title_fullStr Role of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Plasticity and Interactions in Vessel Wall Inflammation
title_full_unstemmed Role of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Plasticity and Interactions in Vessel Wall Inflammation
title_short Role of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Plasticity and Interactions in Vessel Wall Inflammation
title_sort role of vascular smooth muscle cell plasticity and interactions in vessel wall inflammation
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7726011/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33324416
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.599415
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