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Cobalt Resistance via Detoxification and Mineralization in the Iron-Reducing Bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens
Bacteria in the genus Geobacter thrive in iron- and manganese-rich environments where the divalent cobalt cation (Co(II)) accumulates to potentially toxic concentrations. Consistent with selective pressure from environmental exposure, the model laboratory representative Geobacter sulfurreducens grew...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7726332/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33324382 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.600463 |
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author | Dulay, Hunter Tabares, Marcela Kashefi, Kazem Reguera, Gemma |
author_facet | Dulay, Hunter Tabares, Marcela Kashefi, Kazem Reguera, Gemma |
author_sort | Dulay, Hunter |
collection | PubMed |
description | Bacteria in the genus Geobacter thrive in iron- and manganese-rich environments where the divalent cobalt cation (Co(II)) accumulates to potentially toxic concentrations. Consistent with selective pressure from environmental exposure, the model laboratory representative Geobacter sulfurreducens grew with CoCl(2) concentrations (1 mM) typically used to enrich for metal-resistant bacteria from contaminated sites. We reconstructed from genomic data canonical pathways for Co(II) import and assimilation into cofactors (cobamides) that support the growth of numerous syntrophic partners. We also identified several metal efflux pumps, including one that was specifically upregulated by Co(II). Cells acclimated to metal stress by downregulating non-essential proteins with metals and thiol groups that Co(II) preferentially targets. They also activated sensory and regulatory proteins involved in detoxification as well as pathways for protein and DNA repair. In addition, G. sulfurreducens upregulated respiratory chains that could have contributed to the reductive mineralization of the metal on the cell surface. Transcriptomic evidence also revealed pathways for cell envelope modification that increased metal resistance and promoted cell-cell aggregation and biofilm formation in stationary phase. These complex adaptive responses confer on Geobacter a competitive advantage for growth in metal-rich environments that are essential to the sustainability of cobamide-dependent microbiomes and the sequestration of the metal in hitherto unknown biomineralization reactions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7726332 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77263322020-12-14 Cobalt Resistance via Detoxification and Mineralization in the Iron-Reducing Bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens Dulay, Hunter Tabares, Marcela Kashefi, Kazem Reguera, Gemma Front Microbiol Microbiology Bacteria in the genus Geobacter thrive in iron- and manganese-rich environments where the divalent cobalt cation (Co(II)) accumulates to potentially toxic concentrations. Consistent with selective pressure from environmental exposure, the model laboratory representative Geobacter sulfurreducens grew with CoCl(2) concentrations (1 mM) typically used to enrich for metal-resistant bacteria from contaminated sites. We reconstructed from genomic data canonical pathways for Co(II) import and assimilation into cofactors (cobamides) that support the growth of numerous syntrophic partners. We also identified several metal efflux pumps, including one that was specifically upregulated by Co(II). Cells acclimated to metal stress by downregulating non-essential proteins with metals and thiol groups that Co(II) preferentially targets. They also activated sensory and regulatory proteins involved in detoxification as well as pathways for protein and DNA repair. In addition, G. sulfurreducens upregulated respiratory chains that could have contributed to the reductive mineralization of the metal on the cell surface. Transcriptomic evidence also revealed pathways for cell envelope modification that increased metal resistance and promoted cell-cell aggregation and biofilm formation in stationary phase. These complex adaptive responses confer on Geobacter a competitive advantage for growth in metal-rich environments that are essential to the sustainability of cobamide-dependent microbiomes and the sequestration of the metal in hitherto unknown biomineralization reactions. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-11-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7726332/ /pubmed/33324382 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.600463 Text en Copyright © 2020 Dulay, Tabares, Kashefi and Reguera. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Dulay, Hunter Tabares, Marcela Kashefi, Kazem Reguera, Gemma Cobalt Resistance via Detoxification and Mineralization in the Iron-Reducing Bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens |
title | Cobalt Resistance via Detoxification and Mineralization in the Iron-Reducing Bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens |
title_full | Cobalt Resistance via Detoxification and Mineralization in the Iron-Reducing Bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens |
title_fullStr | Cobalt Resistance via Detoxification and Mineralization in the Iron-Reducing Bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens |
title_full_unstemmed | Cobalt Resistance via Detoxification and Mineralization in the Iron-Reducing Bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens |
title_short | Cobalt Resistance via Detoxification and Mineralization in the Iron-Reducing Bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens |
title_sort | cobalt resistance via detoxification and mineralization in the iron-reducing bacterium geobacter sulfurreducens |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7726332/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33324382 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.600463 |
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