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Phenotypic and molecular screenings for determination of cassava mosaic disease (CMD) status in farmers’ fields in Ebonyi State, Nigeria

African cassava mosaic virus (ACMV) and East African cassava mosaic virus (EACMV) are among the major constraints to cassava productivity within tropical and sub-tropical regions, including Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Thus, virus indexing has become imperative to determine the status of cassava mosaic di...

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Autores principales: Igwe, David Okeh, Anyanwu, Chidinma Blessing, Afiukwa, Celestine Azubuike, Nnamani, Catherine Veronica, Nweke, Friday Nwalo, Ude, George Nkem, Ubi, Benjamin Ewa
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Netherlands 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7727096/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33301051
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06039-5
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author Igwe, David Okeh
Anyanwu, Chidinma Blessing
Afiukwa, Celestine Azubuike
Nnamani, Catherine Veronica
Nweke, Friday Nwalo
Ude, George Nkem
Ubi, Benjamin Ewa
author_facet Igwe, David Okeh
Anyanwu, Chidinma Blessing
Afiukwa, Celestine Azubuike
Nnamani, Catherine Veronica
Nweke, Friday Nwalo
Ude, George Nkem
Ubi, Benjamin Ewa
author_sort Igwe, David Okeh
collection PubMed
description African cassava mosaic virus (ACMV) and East African cassava mosaic virus (EACMV) are among the major constraints to cassava productivity within tropical and sub-tropical regions, including Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Thus, virus indexing has become imperative to determine the status of cassava mosaic disease (CMD) in Ebonyi State, to implement appropriate preventive and control strategies. Seventy-eight cassava accessions obtained from different locations of Ebonyi State were phenotypically scored, using scales 1–5 depending on CMD symptomatic expressions, followed by multiplex-PCR and sequencing for validation. 11% of cassava accessions cultivated in Afikpo were resistant (RE) to ACMV compared to 8% of moderately-resistant (MR) accessions in Izzi and 55% of tolerant (TO) ACMV accessions in Ebonyi. 100% of cassava accessions in Onicha and 66% in Afikpo South were susceptible (SU) and highly susceptible (HS) to ACMV, respectively. With multiplex-PCR, 97.4% (ACMV) and 2.6% (EACMV) were positive. Dunn’s multiple comparison tests of CMD mean incidence demonstrated differences (P < 0.05), except between RE and MR, and TO and MR. More transitions (A/G, C/T) compared to transversions (A/T, G/T), were detected, with nonsynonymous mutations (Leucine/Isoleucine; Valine/Isoleucine; Arginine/Lysine; Methionine/Isoleucine), and good bit-scores (91.13–99.07% identites; e-values of 7.00e(−148)–0.00e(+00)). Phylogeny resolved the sequences into five major groups. DNA sequencing validated the detected ACMV and EACMV species. This study revealed variants of ACMV and low adoption of RE and MR cassava accessions in the farmers’ fields. The findings will guide in getting disease-free and resistant varieties as planting materials to significantly mitigate the CMD spread in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version of this article (10.1007/s11033-020-06039-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-77270962020-12-10 Phenotypic and molecular screenings for determination of cassava mosaic disease (CMD) status in farmers’ fields in Ebonyi State, Nigeria Igwe, David Okeh Anyanwu, Chidinma Blessing Afiukwa, Celestine Azubuike Nnamani, Catherine Veronica Nweke, Friday Nwalo Ude, George Nkem Ubi, Benjamin Ewa Mol Biol Rep Original Article African cassava mosaic virus (ACMV) and East African cassava mosaic virus (EACMV) are among the major constraints to cassava productivity within tropical and sub-tropical regions, including Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Thus, virus indexing has become imperative to determine the status of cassava mosaic disease (CMD) in Ebonyi State, to implement appropriate preventive and control strategies. Seventy-eight cassava accessions obtained from different locations of Ebonyi State were phenotypically scored, using scales 1–5 depending on CMD symptomatic expressions, followed by multiplex-PCR and sequencing for validation. 11% of cassava accessions cultivated in Afikpo were resistant (RE) to ACMV compared to 8% of moderately-resistant (MR) accessions in Izzi and 55% of tolerant (TO) ACMV accessions in Ebonyi. 100% of cassava accessions in Onicha and 66% in Afikpo South were susceptible (SU) and highly susceptible (HS) to ACMV, respectively. With multiplex-PCR, 97.4% (ACMV) and 2.6% (EACMV) were positive. Dunn’s multiple comparison tests of CMD mean incidence demonstrated differences (P < 0.05), except between RE and MR, and TO and MR. More transitions (A/G, C/T) compared to transversions (A/T, G/T), were detected, with nonsynonymous mutations (Leucine/Isoleucine; Valine/Isoleucine; Arginine/Lysine; Methionine/Isoleucine), and good bit-scores (91.13–99.07% identites; e-values of 7.00e(−148)–0.00e(+00)). Phylogeny resolved the sequences into five major groups. DNA sequencing validated the detected ACMV and EACMV species. This study revealed variants of ACMV and low adoption of RE and MR cassava accessions in the farmers’ fields. The findings will guide in getting disease-free and resistant varieties as planting materials to significantly mitigate the CMD spread in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version of this article (10.1007/s11033-020-06039-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Springer Netherlands 2020-12-10 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC7727096/ /pubmed/33301051 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06039-5 Text en © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. part of Springer Nature 2020 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Original Article
Igwe, David Okeh
Anyanwu, Chidinma Blessing
Afiukwa, Celestine Azubuike
Nnamani, Catherine Veronica
Nweke, Friday Nwalo
Ude, George Nkem
Ubi, Benjamin Ewa
Phenotypic and molecular screenings for determination of cassava mosaic disease (CMD) status in farmers’ fields in Ebonyi State, Nigeria
title Phenotypic and molecular screenings for determination of cassava mosaic disease (CMD) status in farmers’ fields in Ebonyi State, Nigeria
title_full Phenotypic and molecular screenings for determination of cassava mosaic disease (CMD) status in farmers’ fields in Ebonyi State, Nigeria
title_fullStr Phenotypic and molecular screenings for determination of cassava mosaic disease (CMD) status in farmers’ fields in Ebonyi State, Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed Phenotypic and molecular screenings for determination of cassava mosaic disease (CMD) status in farmers’ fields in Ebonyi State, Nigeria
title_short Phenotypic and molecular screenings for determination of cassava mosaic disease (CMD) status in farmers’ fields in Ebonyi State, Nigeria
title_sort phenotypic and molecular screenings for determination of cassava mosaic disease (cmd) status in farmers’ fields in ebonyi state, nigeria
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7727096/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33301051
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06039-5
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