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Reducing Flower Competition for Assimilates by Half Results in Higher Yield of Fagopyrum esculentum
Despite abundant flowering throughout the season, common buckwheat develops a very low number of kernels probably due to competition for assimilates. We hypothesized that plants with a shorter flowering period may give a higher seed yield. To verify the hypothesis, we studied nutrient stress in vitr...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7728371/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33255746 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21238953 |
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author | Hornyák, Marta Słomka, Aneta Sychta, Klaudia Dziurka, Michał Kopeć, Przemysław Pastuszak, Jakub Szczerba, Anna Płażek, Agnieszka |
author_facet | Hornyák, Marta Słomka, Aneta Sychta, Klaudia Dziurka, Michał Kopeć, Przemysław Pastuszak, Jakub Szczerba, Anna Płażek, Agnieszka |
author_sort | Hornyák, Marta |
collection | PubMed |
description | Despite abundant flowering throughout the season, common buckwheat develops a very low number of kernels probably due to competition for assimilates. We hypothesized that plants with a shorter flowering period may give a higher seed yield. To verify the hypothesis, we studied nutrient stress in vitro and in planta and analyzed different embryological and yield parameters, including hormone profile in the flowers. In vitro cultivated flowers on media with strongly reduced nutrient content demonstrated a drastic increase in degenerated embryo sacs. In in planta experiments, where 50% or 75% of flowers or all lateral ramifications were removed, the reduction of the flower competition by half turned out to be the most promising treatment for improving yield. This treatment increased the frequency of properly developed embryo sacs, the average number of mature seeds per plant, and their mass. Strong seed compensation under 50% inflorescence removal could result from increased production of salicylic and jasmonic acid that both favor more effective pollinator attraction. Plants in single-shoot cultivation finished their vegetation earlier, and they demonstrated greater single seed mass per plant than in control. This result suggests that plants of common buckwheat with shorter blooming period could deliver higher seed yield. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7728371 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77283712020-12-11 Reducing Flower Competition for Assimilates by Half Results in Higher Yield of Fagopyrum esculentum Hornyák, Marta Słomka, Aneta Sychta, Klaudia Dziurka, Michał Kopeć, Przemysław Pastuszak, Jakub Szczerba, Anna Płażek, Agnieszka Int J Mol Sci Article Despite abundant flowering throughout the season, common buckwheat develops a very low number of kernels probably due to competition for assimilates. We hypothesized that plants with a shorter flowering period may give a higher seed yield. To verify the hypothesis, we studied nutrient stress in vitro and in planta and analyzed different embryological and yield parameters, including hormone profile in the flowers. In vitro cultivated flowers on media with strongly reduced nutrient content demonstrated a drastic increase in degenerated embryo sacs. In in planta experiments, where 50% or 75% of flowers or all lateral ramifications were removed, the reduction of the flower competition by half turned out to be the most promising treatment for improving yield. This treatment increased the frequency of properly developed embryo sacs, the average number of mature seeds per plant, and their mass. Strong seed compensation under 50% inflorescence removal could result from increased production of salicylic and jasmonic acid that both favor more effective pollinator attraction. Plants in single-shoot cultivation finished their vegetation earlier, and they demonstrated greater single seed mass per plant than in control. This result suggests that plants of common buckwheat with shorter blooming period could deliver higher seed yield. MDPI 2020-11-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7728371/ /pubmed/33255746 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21238953 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Hornyák, Marta Słomka, Aneta Sychta, Klaudia Dziurka, Michał Kopeć, Przemysław Pastuszak, Jakub Szczerba, Anna Płażek, Agnieszka Reducing Flower Competition for Assimilates by Half Results in Higher Yield of Fagopyrum esculentum |
title | Reducing Flower Competition for Assimilates by Half Results in Higher Yield of Fagopyrum esculentum |
title_full | Reducing Flower Competition for Assimilates by Half Results in Higher Yield of Fagopyrum esculentum |
title_fullStr | Reducing Flower Competition for Assimilates by Half Results in Higher Yield of Fagopyrum esculentum |
title_full_unstemmed | Reducing Flower Competition for Assimilates by Half Results in Higher Yield of Fagopyrum esculentum |
title_short | Reducing Flower Competition for Assimilates by Half Results in Higher Yield of Fagopyrum esculentum |
title_sort | reducing flower competition for assimilates by half results in higher yield of fagopyrum esculentum |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7728371/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33255746 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21238953 |
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