Cargando…

Reducing Flower Competition for Assimilates by Half Results in Higher Yield of Fagopyrum esculentum

Despite abundant flowering throughout the season, common buckwheat develops a very low number of kernels probably due to competition for assimilates. We hypothesized that plants with a shorter flowering period may give a higher seed yield. To verify the hypothesis, we studied nutrient stress in vitr...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Hornyák, Marta, Słomka, Aneta, Sychta, Klaudia, Dziurka, Michał, Kopeć, Przemysław, Pastuszak, Jakub, Szczerba, Anna, Płażek, Agnieszka
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7728371/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33255746
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21238953
_version_ 1783621263228403712
author Hornyák, Marta
Słomka, Aneta
Sychta, Klaudia
Dziurka, Michał
Kopeć, Przemysław
Pastuszak, Jakub
Szczerba, Anna
Płażek, Agnieszka
author_facet Hornyák, Marta
Słomka, Aneta
Sychta, Klaudia
Dziurka, Michał
Kopeć, Przemysław
Pastuszak, Jakub
Szczerba, Anna
Płażek, Agnieszka
author_sort Hornyák, Marta
collection PubMed
description Despite abundant flowering throughout the season, common buckwheat develops a very low number of kernels probably due to competition for assimilates. We hypothesized that plants with a shorter flowering period may give a higher seed yield. To verify the hypothesis, we studied nutrient stress in vitro and in planta and analyzed different embryological and yield parameters, including hormone profile in the flowers. In vitro cultivated flowers on media with strongly reduced nutrient content demonstrated a drastic increase in degenerated embryo sacs. In in planta experiments, where 50% or 75% of flowers or all lateral ramifications were removed, the reduction of the flower competition by half turned out to be the most promising treatment for improving yield. This treatment increased the frequency of properly developed embryo sacs, the average number of mature seeds per plant, and their mass. Strong seed compensation under 50% inflorescence removal could result from increased production of salicylic and jasmonic acid that both favor more effective pollinator attraction. Plants in single-shoot cultivation finished their vegetation earlier, and they demonstrated greater single seed mass per plant than in control. This result suggests that plants of common buckwheat with shorter blooming period could deliver higher seed yield.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7728371
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-77283712020-12-11 Reducing Flower Competition for Assimilates by Half Results in Higher Yield of Fagopyrum esculentum Hornyák, Marta Słomka, Aneta Sychta, Klaudia Dziurka, Michał Kopeć, Przemysław Pastuszak, Jakub Szczerba, Anna Płażek, Agnieszka Int J Mol Sci Article Despite abundant flowering throughout the season, common buckwheat develops a very low number of kernels probably due to competition for assimilates. We hypothesized that plants with a shorter flowering period may give a higher seed yield. To verify the hypothesis, we studied nutrient stress in vitro and in planta and analyzed different embryological and yield parameters, including hormone profile in the flowers. In vitro cultivated flowers on media with strongly reduced nutrient content demonstrated a drastic increase in degenerated embryo sacs. In in planta experiments, where 50% or 75% of flowers or all lateral ramifications were removed, the reduction of the flower competition by half turned out to be the most promising treatment for improving yield. This treatment increased the frequency of properly developed embryo sacs, the average number of mature seeds per plant, and their mass. Strong seed compensation under 50% inflorescence removal could result from increased production of salicylic and jasmonic acid that both favor more effective pollinator attraction. Plants in single-shoot cultivation finished their vegetation earlier, and they demonstrated greater single seed mass per plant than in control. This result suggests that plants of common buckwheat with shorter blooming period could deliver higher seed yield. MDPI 2020-11-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7728371/ /pubmed/33255746 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21238953 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Hornyák, Marta
Słomka, Aneta
Sychta, Klaudia
Dziurka, Michał
Kopeć, Przemysław
Pastuszak, Jakub
Szczerba, Anna
Płażek, Agnieszka
Reducing Flower Competition for Assimilates by Half Results in Higher Yield of Fagopyrum esculentum
title Reducing Flower Competition for Assimilates by Half Results in Higher Yield of Fagopyrum esculentum
title_full Reducing Flower Competition for Assimilates by Half Results in Higher Yield of Fagopyrum esculentum
title_fullStr Reducing Flower Competition for Assimilates by Half Results in Higher Yield of Fagopyrum esculentum
title_full_unstemmed Reducing Flower Competition for Assimilates by Half Results in Higher Yield of Fagopyrum esculentum
title_short Reducing Flower Competition for Assimilates by Half Results in Higher Yield of Fagopyrum esculentum
title_sort reducing flower competition for assimilates by half results in higher yield of fagopyrum esculentum
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7728371/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33255746
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21238953
work_keys_str_mv AT hornyakmarta reducingflowercompetitionforassimilatesbyhalfresultsinhigheryieldoffagopyrumesculentum
AT słomkaaneta reducingflowercompetitionforassimilatesbyhalfresultsinhigheryieldoffagopyrumesculentum
AT sychtaklaudia reducingflowercompetitionforassimilatesbyhalfresultsinhigheryieldoffagopyrumesculentum
AT dziurkamichał reducingflowercompetitionforassimilatesbyhalfresultsinhigheryieldoffagopyrumesculentum
AT kopecprzemysław reducingflowercompetitionforassimilatesbyhalfresultsinhigheryieldoffagopyrumesculentum
AT pastuszakjakub reducingflowercompetitionforassimilatesbyhalfresultsinhigheryieldoffagopyrumesculentum
AT szczerbaanna reducingflowercompetitionforassimilatesbyhalfresultsinhigheryieldoffagopyrumesculentum
AT płazekagnieszka reducingflowercompetitionforassimilatesbyhalfresultsinhigheryieldoffagopyrumesculentum