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Extension of Solid Solubility and Structural Evolution in Nano-Structured Cu-Cr Solid Solution Induced by High-Energy Milling
In Cu-Cr alloys, the strengthening effects of Cr are severely limited due to the relatively low Cr solid solubility in Cu matrix. In addition, apart from the dissolved Cr, it should be noted that high proportion of Cr in Cu matrix work as the second phase dispersion strengthening. Therefore, it is o...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7731348/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33291613 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13235532 |
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author | Shan, Liyuan Wang, Xueliang Wang, Yaping |
author_facet | Shan, Liyuan Wang, Xueliang Wang, Yaping |
author_sort | Shan, Liyuan |
collection | PubMed |
description | In Cu-Cr alloys, the strengthening effects of Cr are severely limited due to the relatively low Cr solid solubility in Cu matrix. In addition, apart from the dissolved Cr, it should be noted that high proportion of Cr in Cu matrix work as the second phase dispersion strengthening. Therefore, it is of great significance to extend the Cr solid solubility and decrease the size of the undissolved Cr phase to nano-structure. In this work, the nano-sized Cu-5 wt.% Cr solid solution was achieved through high energy ball milling (HEBM) only for 12 h. The Cr solubility of ~1.15 at.% was quantitatively calculated based on XRD patterns, which means supersaturated solid solution was realized. Except for the dissolved Cr, the undissolved Cr phase was with nano-sized work as the second phase. Upon milling of the Cu-Cr powders with coarse grains, the crystallite sizes and grain sizes are found to decrease with the milling time, and remain almost unchanged at a steady-state with continued milling. In addition, it was found that the stored energy induced by dislocation density increment and grain size refinement would be high enough to overcome the thermodynamic barrier for the formation of solid solution. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7731348 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77313482020-12-12 Extension of Solid Solubility and Structural Evolution in Nano-Structured Cu-Cr Solid Solution Induced by High-Energy Milling Shan, Liyuan Wang, Xueliang Wang, Yaping Materials (Basel) Article In Cu-Cr alloys, the strengthening effects of Cr are severely limited due to the relatively low Cr solid solubility in Cu matrix. In addition, apart from the dissolved Cr, it should be noted that high proportion of Cr in Cu matrix work as the second phase dispersion strengthening. Therefore, it is of great significance to extend the Cr solid solubility and decrease the size of the undissolved Cr phase to nano-structure. In this work, the nano-sized Cu-5 wt.% Cr solid solution was achieved through high energy ball milling (HEBM) only for 12 h. The Cr solubility of ~1.15 at.% was quantitatively calculated based on XRD patterns, which means supersaturated solid solution was realized. Except for the dissolved Cr, the undissolved Cr phase was with nano-sized work as the second phase. Upon milling of the Cu-Cr powders with coarse grains, the crystallite sizes and grain sizes are found to decrease with the milling time, and remain almost unchanged at a steady-state with continued milling. In addition, it was found that the stored energy induced by dislocation density increment and grain size refinement would be high enough to overcome the thermodynamic barrier for the formation of solid solution. MDPI 2020-12-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7731348/ /pubmed/33291613 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13235532 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Shan, Liyuan Wang, Xueliang Wang, Yaping Extension of Solid Solubility and Structural Evolution in Nano-Structured Cu-Cr Solid Solution Induced by High-Energy Milling |
title | Extension of Solid Solubility and Structural Evolution in Nano-Structured Cu-Cr Solid Solution Induced by High-Energy Milling |
title_full | Extension of Solid Solubility and Structural Evolution in Nano-Structured Cu-Cr Solid Solution Induced by High-Energy Milling |
title_fullStr | Extension of Solid Solubility and Structural Evolution in Nano-Structured Cu-Cr Solid Solution Induced by High-Energy Milling |
title_full_unstemmed | Extension of Solid Solubility and Structural Evolution in Nano-Structured Cu-Cr Solid Solution Induced by High-Energy Milling |
title_short | Extension of Solid Solubility and Structural Evolution in Nano-Structured Cu-Cr Solid Solution Induced by High-Energy Milling |
title_sort | extension of solid solubility and structural evolution in nano-structured cu-cr solid solution induced by high-energy milling |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7731348/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33291613 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13235532 |
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