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Sex Differences in Cancer Cachexia

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Cachexia, a feature of cancer and other chronic diseases, is marked by progressive weight loss and skeletal muscle wasting. This review aims to highlight the sex differences in manifestations of cancer cachexia in patients, rodent models, and our current understanding of the poten...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Zhong, Xiaoling, Zimmers, Teresa A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer US 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7732790/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33044689
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11914-020-00628-w
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author Zhong, Xiaoling
Zimmers, Teresa A.
author_facet Zhong, Xiaoling
Zimmers, Teresa A.
author_sort Zhong, Xiaoling
collection PubMed
description PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Cachexia, a feature of cancer and other chronic diseases, is marked by progressive weight loss and skeletal muscle wasting. This review aims to highlight the sex differences in manifestations of cancer cachexia in patients, rodent models, and our current understanding of the potential mechanisms accounting for these differences. RECENT FINDINGS: Male cancer patients generally have higher prevalence of cachexia, greater weight loss or muscle wasting, and worse outcomes compared with female cancer patients. Knowledge is increasing about sex differences in muscle fiber type and function, mitochondrial metabolism, global gene expression and signaling pathways, and regulatory mechanisms at the levels of sex chromosomes vs. sex hormones; however, it is largely undetermined how such sex differences directly affect the susceptibility to stressors leading to muscle wasting in cancer cachexia. SUMMARY: Few studies have investigated basic mechanisms underlying sex differences in cancer cachexia. A better understanding of sex differences would improve cachexia treatment in both sexes.
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spelling pubmed-77327902020-12-17 Sex Differences in Cancer Cachexia Zhong, Xiaoling Zimmers, Teresa A. Curr Osteoporos Rep Muscle and Bone (A Bonetto and M Brotto, Section Editors) PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Cachexia, a feature of cancer and other chronic diseases, is marked by progressive weight loss and skeletal muscle wasting. This review aims to highlight the sex differences in manifestations of cancer cachexia in patients, rodent models, and our current understanding of the potential mechanisms accounting for these differences. RECENT FINDINGS: Male cancer patients generally have higher prevalence of cachexia, greater weight loss or muscle wasting, and worse outcomes compared with female cancer patients. Knowledge is increasing about sex differences in muscle fiber type and function, mitochondrial metabolism, global gene expression and signaling pathways, and regulatory mechanisms at the levels of sex chromosomes vs. sex hormones; however, it is largely undetermined how such sex differences directly affect the susceptibility to stressors leading to muscle wasting in cancer cachexia. SUMMARY: Few studies have investigated basic mechanisms underlying sex differences in cancer cachexia. A better understanding of sex differences would improve cachexia treatment in both sexes. Springer US 2020-10-12 2020 /pmc/articles/PMC7732790/ /pubmed/33044689 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11914-020-00628-w Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Muscle and Bone (A Bonetto and M Brotto, Section Editors)
Zhong, Xiaoling
Zimmers, Teresa A.
Sex Differences in Cancer Cachexia
title Sex Differences in Cancer Cachexia
title_full Sex Differences in Cancer Cachexia
title_fullStr Sex Differences in Cancer Cachexia
title_full_unstemmed Sex Differences in Cancer Cachexia
title_short Sex Differences in Cancer Cachexia
title_sort sex differences in cancer cachexia
topic Muscle and Bone (A Bonetto and M Brotto, Section Editors)
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7732790/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33044689
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11914-020-00628-w
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