Sigmoid volvulus in a teenager, successfully managed with endoscopic detorsion: An unusual case report and review of the literature

INTRODUCTION: Sigmoid volvulus (SV) occurs due to torsion of a dilated sigmoid colon around its mesenteric axis. This causes venous and arterial blood flow obstruction with progressive bowel ischemia, necrosis, and perforation if left untreated. In pediatric surgical practice volvulus of the sigmoid colon remains a rare occurrence and only a few isolated case reports and case series have been reported. The author presents herein a case of SV in a 19-year-old male. CASE REPORT: A 19-year-old male was presented to the emergency service of our hospital complaining of abdominal pain, constipation, nausea, and vomiting for 4 days. Radiologic imaging showed the features of the sigmoid volvulus. Endoscopic detorsion was applied and the patient underwent elective surgery for anterior sigmoid resection to prevent the recurrence. DISCUSSION: Sigmoid volvulus, first described by von Rokitansky in 1836 and remains a major cause of colonic intestinal obstruction in adults, which results from twisting of the sigmoid colon on its mesentery. The median age in children at presentation is 7 years, ranging from 4 h to 18 years. CONCLUSION: Sigmoid volvulus is an uncommon cause of bowel obstruction in teenagers and should be included in the differential diagnosis of young patients present with abdominal pain and absolute constipation. Early diagnosis and timely definitive treatment can prevent complications. Endoscopic detorsion is the initial treatment of choice in the absence of complications. However, elective surgery with sigmoid resection and primary anastomosis is mandatory to prevent a recurrence.