Synthesis, characterization and catalytic testing of MCM-22 derived catalysts for n-hexane cracking

Layered zeolites and their delaminated structures are novel materials that enhance the catalytic performance of catalysts by addressing diffusion limitations of the reactant molecules. n-Hexane catalytic cracking was observed over MCM-22 layered zeolite and its derivative structures over the temperature range of 450–650 °C for the production of olefins. MCM-22, H-MCM-22, and ITQ-2 zeolites were prepared by the hydrothermal method. Oxalic acid was used as a dealuminating reagent to obtain H-MCM-22 with various Si/Al ratios ranging from 09–65. The prepared samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, TGA, and BET. The cracking of n-hexane was carried out by Pyro/GC–MS. It was observed that the selectivity for olefins was improved by increasing the Si/Al ratio. H-MCM-22–10% produced the highest relative olefinic concentration of 68% as compared to other dealuminated structures. Moreover, the product distribution showed that higher reaction temperature is favorable to produce more olefins. Furthermore, a comparison between ITQ-2 and MCM-22 derived structures showed that ITQ-2 is more favorable for olefins production at high temperatures. The concentration of relative olefins was increased up to 80% over ITQ-2 at 650 °C.