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Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics of Vitamin E: Nanoformulations to Enhance Bioavailability
Vitamin E belongs to the family of lipid-soluble vitamins and can be divided into two groups, tocopherols and tocotrienols, with four isomers (alpha, beta, gamma and delta). Although vitamin E is widely known as a potent antioxidant, studies have also revealed that vitamin E possesses anti-inflammat...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Dove
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7733471/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33324057 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S276355 |
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author | Mohd Zaffarin, Anis Syauqina Ng, Shiow-Fern Ng, Min Hwei Hassan, Haniza Alias, Ekram |
author_facet | Mohd Zaffarin, Anis Syauqina Ng, Shiow-Fern Ng, Min Hwei Hassan, Haniza Alias, Ekram |
author_sort | Mohd Zaffarin, Anis Syauqina |
collection | PubMed |
description | Vitamin E belongs to the family of lipid-soluble vitamins and can be divided into two groups, tocopherols and tocotrienols, with four isomers (alpha, beta, gamma and delta). Although vitamin E is widely known as a potent antioxidant, studies have also revealed that vitamin E possesses anti-inflammatory properties. These crucial properties of vitamin E are beneficial in various aspects of health, especially in neuroprotection and cardiovascular, skin and bone health. However, the poor bioavailability of vitamin E, especially tocotrienols, remains a great limitation for clinical applications. Recently, nanoformulations that include nanovesicles, solid-lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, nanoemulsions, and polymeric nanoparticles have shown promising outcomes in improving the efficacy and bioavailability of vitamin E. This review focuses on the pharmacological properties and pharmacokinetics of vitamin E and current advances in vitamin E nanoformulations for future clinical applications. The limitations and future recommendations are also discussed in this review. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7733471 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Dove |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77334712020-12-14 Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics of Vitamin E: Nanoformulations to Enhance Bioavailability Mohd Zaffarin, Anis Syauqina Ng, Shiow-Fern Ng, Min Hwei Hassan, Haniza Alias, Ekram Int J Nanomedicine Review Vitamin E belongs to the family of lipid-soluble vitamins and can be divided into two groups, tocopherols and tocotrienols, with four isomers (alpha, beta, gamma and delta). Although vitamin E is widely known as a potent antioxidant, studies have also revealed that vitamin E possesses anti-inflammatory properties. These crucial properties of vitamin E are beneficial in various aspects of health, especially in neuroprotection and cardiovascular, skin and bone health. However, the poor bioavailability of vitamin E, especially tocotrienols, remains a great limitation for clinical applications. Recently, nanoformulations that include nanovesicles, solid-lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, nanoemulsions, and polymeric nanoparticles have shown promising outcomes in improving the efficacy and bioavailability of vitamin E. This review focuses on the pharmacological properties and pharmacokinetics of vitamin E and current advances in vitamin E nanoformulations for future clinical applications. The limitations and future recommendations are also discussed in this review. Dove 2020-12-08 /pmc/articles/PMC7733471/ /pubmed/33324057 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S276355 Text en © 2020 Mohd Zaffarin et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php). |
spellingShingle | Review Mohd Zaffarin, Anis Syauqina Ng, Shiow-Fern Ng, Min Hwei Hassan, Haniza Alias, Ekram Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics of Vitamin E: Nanoformulations to Enhance Bioavailability |
title | Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics of Vitamin E: Nanoformulations to Enhance Bioavailability |
title_full | Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics of Vitamin E: Nanoformulations to Enhance Bioavailability |
title_fullStr | Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics of Vitamin E: Nanoformulations to Enhance Bioavailability |
title_full_unstemmed | Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics of Vitamin E: Nanoformulations to Enhance Bioavailability |
title_short | Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics of Vitamin E: Nanoformulations to Enhance Bioavailability |
title_sort | pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of vitamin e: nanoformulations to enhance bioavailability |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7733471/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33324057 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S276355 |
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