Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Properties of Magnetic Fe(3)O(4)@FU: A Heterogeneous Nanostructured Mesoporous Bio-Based Catalyst for the Synthesis of Imidazole Derivatives

In this protocol, Fucoidan (FU), a fucose-rich sulfated polysaccharide extracted from brown algae Fucus vesiculosus was used for in situ preparation of magnetic Fe(3)O(4)@FU. Nanoco magnetic properties of Fe(3)O(4)@FU were investigated by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) adsorption method, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The catalytic activity of Fe(3)O(4)@FU was employed for the synthesis of tri- and tetra-substituted imidazoles through three- and four-component reactions respectively, between benzyl, aldehydes, NH(4)OAc and benzyl, aldehydes, NH(4)OAc, and amine under reflux in ethanol. It is worth nothing that excellent yields, short reaction times, chromatography-free purification, and environmental friendliness are highlighted features of this protocol.