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Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe
The Holocene period (last 11,700 years BP) has been marked by significant climate variability over decadal to millennial timescales. The underlying mechanisms are still being debated, despite ocean–atmosphere–land connections put forward in many paleo-studies. Among the main drivers, involving a clu...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group UK
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7738505/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33319781 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77253-1 |
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author | Lambert, C. Penaud, A. Vidal, M. Gandini, C. Labeyrie, L. Chauvaud, L. Ehrhold, A. |
author_facet | Lambert, C. Penaud, A. Vidal, M. Gandini, C. Labeyrie, L. Chauvaud, L. Ehrhold, A. |
author_sort | Lambert, C. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The Holocene period (last 11,700 years BP) has been marked by significant climate variability over decadal to millennial timescales. The underlying mechanisms are still being debated, despite ocean–atmosphere–land connections put forward in many paleo-studies. Among the main drivers, involving a cluster of spectral signatures and shaping the climate of north-western Europe, are solar activity, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) varying atmospheric regimes and North Atlantic oceanic gyre dynamics. Over the last 2500 years BP, paleo-environmental signals have been strongly affected by anthropogenic activities through deforestation and land use for crops, grazing, habitations, or access to resources. Palynological proxies (especially pollen grains and marine or freshwater microalgae) help to highlight such anthropogenic imprints over natural variability. Palynological analyses conducted in a macro-estuarine sedimentary environment of north-western France over the last 2500 years BP reveal a huge and atypical 300 year-long arboreal increase between 1700 and 1400 years BP (around 250 and 550 years AD) that we refer to as the ‘1.7–1.4 ka Arboreal Pollen rise event’ or ‘1.7–1.4 ka AP event’. Interestingly, the climatic 1700–1200 years BP interval coincides with evidence for the withdrawal of coastal societies in Brittany (NW France), in an unfavourable socio-economic context. We suggest that subpolar North Atlantic gyre strengthening and related increasing recurrence of storminess extremes may have affected long-term coastal anthropogenic trajectories resulting in a local collapse of coastal agrarian societies, partly forced by climatic degradation at the end of the Roman Period. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7738505 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77385052020-12-17 Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe Lambert, C. Penaud, A. Vidal, M. Gandini, C. Labeyrie, L. Chauvaud, L. Ehrhold, A. Sci Rep Article The Holocene period (last 11,700 years BP) has been marked by significant climate variability over decadal to millennial timescales. The underlying mechanisms are still being debated, despite ocean–atmosphere–land connections put forward in many paleo-studies. Among the main drivers, involving a cluster of spectral signatures and shaping the climate of north-western Europe, are solar activity, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) varying atmospheric regimes and North Atlantic oceanic gyre dynamics. Over the last 2500 years BP, paleo-environmental signals have been strongly affected by anthropogenic activities through deforestation and land use for crops, grazing, habitations, or access to resources. Palynological proxies (especially pollen grains and marine or freshwater microalgae) help to highlight such anthropogenic imprints over natural variability. Palynological analyses conducted in a macro-estuarine sedimentary environment of north-western France over the last 2500 years BP reveal a huge and atypical 300 year-long arboreal increase between 1700 and 1400 years BP (around 250 and 550 years AD) that we refer to as the ‘1.7–1.4 ka Arboreal Pollen rise event’ or ‘1.7–1.4 ka AP event’. Interestingly, the climatic 1700–1200 years BP interval coincides with evidence for the withdrawal of coastal societies in Brittany (NW France), in an unfavourable socio-economic context. We suggest that subpolar North Atlantic gyre strengthening and related increasing recurrence of storminess extremes may have affected long-term coastal anthropogenic trajectories resulting in a local collapse of coastal agrarian societies, partly forced by climatic degradation at the end of the Roman Period. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-12-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7738505/ /pubmed/33319781 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77253-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Lambert, C. Penaud, A. Vidal, M. Gandini, C. Labeyrie, L. Chauvaud, L. Ehrhold, A. Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe |
title | Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe |
title_full | Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe |
title_fullStr | Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe |
title_full_unstemmed | Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe |
title_short | Striking forest revival at the end of the Roman Period in north-western Europe |
title_sort | striking forest revival at the end of the roman period in north-western europe |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7738505/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33319781 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77253-1 |
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