Evolution and expansion of the RUNX2 QA repeat corresponds with the emergence of vertebrate complexity

Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) is critical for the development of the vertebrate bony skeleton. Unlike other RUNX family members, RUNX2 possesses a variable poly-glutamine, poly-alanine (QA) repeat domain. Natural variation within this repeat is able to alter the transactivation potenti...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Newton, Axel H., Pask, Andrew J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2020
Materias:
Perspective
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7738678/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33319865
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-020-01501-3
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author Newton, Axel H.
Pask, Andrew J.
author_facet Newton, Axel H.
Pask, Andrew J.
author_sort Newton, Axel H.
collection PubMed
description Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) is critical for the development of the vertebrate bony skeleton. Unlike other RUNX family members, RUNX2 possesses a variable poly-glutamine, poly-alanine (QA) repeat domain. Natural variation within this repeat is able to alter the transactivation potential of RUNX2, acting as an evolutionary ‘tuning knob’ suggested to influence mammalian skull shape. However, the broader role of the RUNX2 QA repeat throughout vertebrate evolution is unknown. In this perspective, we examine the role of the RUNX2 QA repeat during skeletal development and discuss how its emergence and expansion may have facilitated the evolution of morphological novelty in vertebrates.
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spelling pubmed-77386782020-12-21 Evolution and expansion of the RUNX2 QA repeat corresponds with the emergence of vertebrate complexity Newton, Axel H. Pask, Andrew J. Commun Biol Perspective Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) is critical for the development of the vertebrate bony skeleton. Unlike other RUNX family members, RUNX2 possesses a variable poly-glutamine, poly-alanine (QA) repeat domain. Natural variation within this repeat is able to alter the transactivation potential of RUNX2, acting as an evolutionary ‘tuning knob’ suggested to influence mammalian skull shape. However, the broader role of the RUNX2 QA repeat throughout vertebrate evolution is unknown. In this perspective, we examine the role of the RUNX2 QA repeat during skeletal development and discuss how its emergence and expansion may have facilitated the evolution of morphological novelty in vertebrates. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-12-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7738678/ /pubmed/33319865 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-020-01501-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2020, corrected publication 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Perspective
Newton, Axel H.
Pask, Andrew J.
Evolution and expansion of the RUNX2 QA repeat corresponds with the emergence of vertebrate complexity
title Evolution and expansion of the RUNX2 QA repeat corresponds with the emergence of vertebrate complexity
title_full Evolution and expansion of the RUNX2 QA repeat corresponds with the emergence of vertebrate complexity
title_fullStr Evolution and expansion of the RUNX2 QA repeat corresponds with the emergence of vertebrate complexity
title_full_unstemmed Evolution and expansion of the RUNX2 QA repeat corresponds with the emergence of vertebrate complexity
title_short Evolution and expansion of the RUNX2 QA repeat corresponds with the emergence of vertebrate complexity
title_sort evolution and expansion of the runx2 qa repeat corresponds with the emergence of vertebrate complexity
topic Perspective
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7738678/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33319865
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-020-01501-3
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