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World-Class Male Sprinters and High Hurdlers Have Similar Start and Initial Acceleration Techniques

The effect of the inclusion of a high hurdle 13.72 m after the start line on elite sprint start and initial acceleration technique has yet to be investigated or understood. This highly novel study addresses that lack of information in an exceptional manner, through detailed biomechanical analysis of...

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Autores principales: Bezodis, Ian N., Brazil, Adam, von Lieres und Wilkau, Hans C., Wood, Matthew A., Paradisis, Giorgios P., Hanley, Brian, Tucker, Catherine B., Pollitt, Lysander, Merlino, Stéphane, Vazel, Pierre-Jean, Walker, Josh, Bissas, Athanassios
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7739645/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33344947
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2019.00023
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author Bezodis, Ian N.
Brazil, Adam
von Lieres und Wilkau, Hans C.
Wood, Matthew A.
Paradisis, Giorgios P.
Hanley, Brian
Tucker, Catherine B.
Pollitt, Lysander
Merlino, Stéphane
Vazel, Pierre-Jean
Walker, Josh
Bissas, Athanassios
author_facet Bezodis, Ian N.
Brazil, Adam
von Lieres und Wilkau, Hans C.
Wood, Matthew A.
Paradisis, Giorgios P.
Hanley, Brian
Tucker, Catherine B.
Pollitt, Lysander
Merlino, Stéphane
Vazel, Pierre-Jean
Walker, Josh
Bissas, Athanassios
author_sort Bezodis, Ian N.
collection PubMed
description The effect of the inclusion of a high hurdle 13.72 m after the start line on elite sprint start and initial acceleration technique has yet to be investigated or understood. This highly novel study addresses that lack of information in an exceptional manner, through detailed biomechanical analysis of the world's best sprint and hurdle athletes, with data collected in situ at the 2018 IAAF World Indoor Championships, held in Birmingham, UK. High speed videos (150 Hz) were compared for eight sprinters and seven hurdlers for the start and initial acceleration phase of the finals of the men's 60 m and 60 m hurdles. Temporal and kinematic data were supplemented by vector coding analysis to investigate mechanisms by which these world-class athletes translate their centres of mass (CM) up to the fourth touchdown post-block exit. The sprinters and hurdlers coordinated their lower limb and trunk movement in a similar manner throughout the start and initial acceleration phases, which contributes new conceptual understanding of the mechanisms that underpin start and initial acceleration performance. Differences between groups were initiated from block set-up, with the hurdlers utilising a larger block spacing, but with the front block nearer to the start line than sprinters. Even after accounting for stature, the biggest differences in the raising of the CM occurred during the block phase, with hurdlers greater than sprinters (difference in vertical CM displacement scaled to stature = −0.037, very large effect size). Subsequent flight phases showed the biggest differences in the translation of the CM, in part due to longer flight times in the hurdlers, whilst the techniques of the two groups generally converged during the ground contact phases of initial acceleration. In highlighting that similar techniques are used by world-class sprinters and hurdlers, despite differing task constraints, this study has provided invaluable insights for scientists, coaches, and athletes, that will inform further developments in understanding and practice across both sprints and hurdles.
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spelling pubmed-77396452020-12-17 World-Class Male Sprinters and High Hurdlers Have Similar Start and Initial Acceleration Techniques Bezodis, Ian N. Brazil, Adam von Lieres und Wilkau, Hans C. Wood, Matthew A. Paradisis, Giorgios P. Hanley, Brian Tucker, Catherine B. Pollitt, Lysander Merlino, Stéphane Vazel, Pierre-Jean Walker, Josh Bissas, Athanassios Front Sports Act Living Sports and Active Living The effect of the inclusion of a high hurdle 13.72 m after the start line on elite sprint start and initial acceleration technique has yet to be investigated or understood. This highly novel study addresses that lack of information in an exceptional manner, through detailed biomechanical analysis of the world's best sprint and hurdle athletes, with data collected in situ at the 2018 IAAF World Indoor Championships, held in Birmingham, UK. High speed videos (150 Hz) were compared for eight sprinters and seven hurdlers for the start and initial acceleration phase of the finals of the men's 60 m and 60 m hurdles. Temporal and kinematic data were supplemented by vector coding analysis to investigate mechanisms by which these world-class athletes translate their centres of mass (CM) up to the fourth touchdown post-block exit. The sprinters and hurdlers coordinated their lower limb and trunk movement in a similar manner throughout the start and initial acceleration phases, which contributes new conceptual understanding of the mechanisms that underpin start and initial acceleration performance. Differences between groups were initiated from block set-up, with the hurdlers utilising a larger block spacing, but with the front block nearer to the start line than sprinters. Even after accounting for stature, the biggest differences in the raising of the CM occurred during the block phase, with hurdlers greater than sprinters (difference in vertical CM displacement scaled to stature = −0.037, very large effect size). Subsequent flight phases showed the biggest differences in the translation of the CM, in part due to longer flight times in the hurdlers, whilst the techniques of the two groups generally converged during the ground contact phases of initial acceleration. In highlighting that similar techniques are used by world-class sprinters and hurdlers, despite differing task constraints, this study has provided invaluable insights for scientists, coaches, and athletes, that will inform further developments in understanding and practice across both sprints and hurdles. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-09-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7739645/ /pubmed/33344947 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2019.00023 Text en Copyright © 2019 Bezodis, Brazil, von Lieres und Wilkau, Wood, Paradisis, Hanley, Tucker, Pollitt, Merlino, Vazel, Walker and Bissas. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Sports and Active Living
Bezodis, Ian N.
Brazil, Adam
von Lieres und Wilkau, Hans C.
Wood, Matthew A.
Paradisis, Giorgios P.
Hanley, Brian
Tucker, Catherine B.
Pollitt, Lysander
Merlino, Stéphane
Vazel, Pierre-Jean
Walker, Josh
Bissas, Athanassios
World-Class Male Sprinters and High Hurdlers Have Similar Start and Initial Acceleration Techniques
title World-Class Male Sprinters and High Hurdlers Have Similar Start and Initial Acceleration Techniques
title_full World-Class Male Sprinters and High Hurdlers Have Similar Start and Initial Acceleration Techniques
title_fullStr World-Class Male Sprinters and High Hurdlers Have Similar Start and Initial Acceleration Techniques
title_full_unstemmed World-Class Male Sprinters and High Hurdlers Have Similar Start and Initial Acceleration Techniques
title_short World-Class Male Sprinters and High Hurdlers Have Similar Start and Initial Acceleration Techniques
title_sort world-class male sprinters and high hurdlers have similar start and initial acceleration techniques
topic Sports and Active Living
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7739645/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33344947
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2019.00023
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