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Kinematics of Maximal Speed Sprinting With Different Running Speed, Leg Length, and Step Characteristics

This study aimed to provide multiple regression equations taking into account differences in running speed, leg length, and step characteristics to predict kinematics of maximal speed sprinting. Seventy-nine male sprinters performed a maximal effort 60-m sprint, during which they were videoed throug...

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Autores principales: Miyashiro, Kenji, Nagahara, Ryu, Yamamoto, Kohei, Nishijima, Takahiko
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7739839/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33344960
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2019.00037
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author Miyashiro, Kenji
Nagahara, Ryu
Yamamoto, Kohei
Nishijima, Takahiko
author_facet Miyashiro, Kenji
Nagahara, Ryu
Yamamoto, Kohei
Nishijima, Takahiko
author_sort Miyashiro, Kenji
collection PubMed
description This study aimed to provide multiple regression equations taking into account differences in running speed, leg length, and step characteristics to predict kinematics of maximal speed sprinting. Seventy-nine male sprinters performed a maximal effort 60-m sprint, during which they were videoed through the section from the 40- to 50-m mark. From the video images, leg kinematic variables were obtained and used as dependent variables for multiple linear regression equation with predictors of running speed, leg length, step frequency, and swing/support ratio. Multiple regression equations to predict leg kinematics of maximal speed sprinting were successfully obtained. For swing leg kinematics, a significant regression model was obtained to predict thigh angle at the contralateral foot strike, maximal knee flexion and thigh lift angular velocities, and maximal leg backward swing velocity (adjusted R(2) = 0.194–0.378, medium to large effect). For support leg kinematics, a significant regression model was obtained to predict knee flexion and extension angular displacements, maximal knee extension velocity, maximal leg backward swing angular velocity, and the other 13 kinematic variables (adjusted R(2) = 0.134–0.757, medium to large effect). Based on the results, at a given leg length, faster maximal speed sprinting will be accompanied with greater thigh angle at the contralateral foot strike, greater maximal leg backward swing velocity during the swing phase, and smaller knee extension range during the support phase. Longer-legged sprinters will accomplish the same running speed with a greater thigh angle at contralateral foot strike, greater knee flexion range, and smaller maximal leg backward swing velocity during the support phase. At a given running speed and leg length, higher step frequencies will be achieved with a greater thigh angle at contralateral foot strike and smaller knee flexion and extension ranges during the support phase. At a given running speed, leg length and step frequency, a greater swing/support ratio will be accompanied with a greater thigh angle at contralateral foot strike and smaller knee extension angular displacement and velocity during the support phase. The regression equations obtained in this study will be useful for sprinters when trying to improve their maximal speed sprinting motion.
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spelling pubmed-77398392020-12-17 Kinematics of Maximal Speed Sprinting With Different Running Speed, Leg Length, and Step Characteristics Miyashiro, Kenji Nagahara, Ryu Yamamoto, Kohei Nishijima, Takahiko Front Sports Act Living Sports and Active Living This study aimed to provide multiple regression equations taking into account differences in running speed, leg length, and step characteristics to predict kinematics of maximal speed sprinting. Seventy-nine male sprinters performed a maximal effort 60-m sprint, during which they were videoed through the section from the 40- to 50-m mark. From the video images, leg kinematic variables were obtained and used as dependent variables for multiple linear regression equation with predictors of running speed, leg length, step frequency, and swing/support ratio. Multiple regression equations to predict leg kinematics of maximal speed sprinting were successfully obtained. For swing leg kinematics, a significant regression model was obtained to predict thigh angle at the contralateral foot strike, maximal knee flexion and thigh lift angular velocities, and maximal leg backward swing velocity (adjusted R(2) = 0.194–0.378, medium to large effect). For support leg kinematics, a significant regression model was obtained to predict knee flexion and extension angular displacements, maximal knee extension velocity, maximal leg backward swing angular velocity, and the other 13 kinematic variables (adjusted R(2) = 0.134–0.757, medium to large effect). Based on the results, at a given leg length, faster maximal speed sprinting will be accompanied with greater thigh angle at the contralateral foot strike, greater maximal leg backward swing velocity during the swing phase, and smaller knee extension range during the support phase. Longer-legged sprinters will accomplish the same running speed with a greater thigh angle at contralateral foot strike, greater knee flexion range, and smaller maximal leg backward swing velocity during the support phase. At a given running speed and leg length, higher step frequencies will be achieved with a greater thigh angle at contralateral foot strike and smaller knee flexion and extension ranges during the support phase. At a given running speed, leg length and step frequency, a greater swing/support ratio will be accompanied with a greater thigh angle at contralateral foot strike and smaller knee extension angular displacement and velocity during the support phase. The regression equations obtained in this study will be useful for sprinters when trying to improve their maximal speed sprinting motion. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-09-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7739839/ /pubmed/33344960 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2019.00037 Text en Copyright © 2019 Miyashiro, Nagahara, Yamamoto and Nishijima. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Sports and Active Living
Miyashiro, Kenji
Nagahara, Ryu
Yamamoto, Kohei
Nishijima, Takahiko
Kinematics of Maximal Speed Sprinting With Different Running Speed, Leg Length, and Step Characteristics
title Kinematics of Maximal Speed Sprinting With Different Running Speed, Leg Length, and Step Characteristics
title_full Kinematics of Maximal Speed Sprinting With Different Running Speed, Leg Length, and Step Characteristics
title_fullStr Kinematics of Maximal Speed Sprinting With Different Running Speed, Leg Length, and Step Characteristics
title_full_unstemmed Kinematics of Maximal Speed Sprinting With Different Running Speed, Leg Length, and Step Characteristics
title_short Kinematics of Maximal Speed Sprinting With Different Running Speed, Leg Length, and Step Characteristics
title_sort kinematics of maximal speed sprinting with different running speed, leg length, and step characteristics
topic Sports and Active Living
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7739839/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33344960
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2019.00037
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