Cargando…
Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Secondary to Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and has created a worldwide pandemic. Many patients with this infection have an asymptomatic or mild illness, but a small percentage of patients require hospitalization and intensive car...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Shiraz: NIOC Health Organization
2020
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7740045/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33098401 http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ijoem.2020.2202 |
_version_ | 1783623445739732992 |
---|---|
author | Maveddat, Ashley Mallah, Haneen Rao, Sanjana Ali, Kiran Sherali, Samir Nugent, Kenneth |
author_facet | Maveddat, Ashley Mallah, Haneen Rao, Sanjana Ali, Kiran Sherali, Samir Nugent, Kenneth |
author_sort | Maveddat, Ashley |
collection | PubMed |
description | The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and has created a worldwide pandemic. Many patients with this infection have an asymptomatic or mild illness, but a small percentage of patients require hospitalization and intensive care. Patients with respiratory tract involvement have a spectrum of presentations that range from scattered ground-glass infiltrates to diffuse infiltrates with consolidation. Patients with the latter radiographic presentation have severe hypoxemia and usually require mechanical ventilation. In addition, some patients develop multiorgan failure, deep venous thrombi with pulmonary emboli, and cytokine storm syndrome. The respiratory management of these patients should focus on using low tidal volume ventilation with low intrathoracic pressures. Some patients have significant recruitable lung and may benefit from higher positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) levels and/or prone positioning. There is no well-established anti-viral treatment for this infection; the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has provided emergency use authorization for convalescent plasma and remdesivir for the treatment of patients with COVID-19. In addition, randomized trials have demonstrated that dexamethasone improves outcomes in patients on mechanical ventilators or on oxygen. There are ongoing trials of other drugs which have the potential to moderate the acute inflammatory state seen in some of these patients. These patients often need prolonged high-level intensive care. Hospitals are confronted with significant challenges in patient management, supply management, health care worker safety, and health care worker burnout. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7740045 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Shiraz: NIOC Health Organization |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77400452020-12-18 Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Secondary to Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Maveddat, Ashley Mallah, Haneen Rao, Sanjana Ali, Kiran Sherali, Samir Nugent, Kenneth Int J Occup Environ Med Review The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and has created a worldwide pandemic. Many patients with this infection have an asymptomatic or mild illness, but a small percentage of patients require hospitalization and intensive care. Patients with respiratory tract involvement have a spectrum of presentations that range from scattered ground-glass infiltrates to diffuse infiltrates with consolidation. Patients with the latter radiographic presentation have severe hypoxemia and usually require mechanical ventilation. In addition, some patients develop multiorgan failure, deep venous thrombi with pulmonary emboli, and cytokine storm syndrome. The respiratory management of these patients should focus on using low tidal volume ventilation with low intrathoracic pressures. Some patients have significant recruitable lung and may benefit from higher positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) levels and/or prone positioning. There is no well-established anti-viral treatment for this infection; the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has provided emergency use authorization for convalescent plasma and remdesivir for the treatment of patients with COVID-19. In addition, randomized trials have demonstrated that dexamethasone improves outcomes in patients on mechanical ventilators or on oxygen. There are ongoing trials of other drugs which have the potential to moderate the acute inflammatory state seen in some of these patients. These patients often need prolonged high-level intensive care. Hospitals are confronted with significant challenges in patient management, supply management, health care worker safety, and health care worker burnout. Shiraz: NIOC Health Organization 2020-10-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7740045/ /pubmed/33098401 http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ijoem.2020.2202 Text en This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Review Maveddat, Ashley Mallah, Haneen Rao, Sanjana Ali, Kiran Sherali, Samir Nugent, Kenneth Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Secondary to Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) |
title | Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Secondary to Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) |
title_full | Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Secondary to Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) |
title_fullStr | Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Secondary to Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) |
title_full_unstemmed | Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Secondary to Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) |
title_short | Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Secondary to Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) |
title_sort | severe acute respiratory distress syndrome secondary to coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7740045/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33098401 http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ijoem.2020.2202 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT maveddatashley severeacuterespiratorydistresssyndromesecondarytocoronavirus2sarscov2 AT mallahhaneen severeacuterespiratorydistresssyndromesecondarytocoronavirus2sarscov2 AT raosanjana severeacuterespiratorydistresssyndromesecondarytocoronavirus2sarscov2 AT alikiran severeacuterespiratorydistresssyndromesecondarytocoronavirus2sarscov2 AT sheralisamir severeacuterespiratorydistresssyndromesecondarytocoronavirus2sarscov2 AT nugentkenneth severeacuterespiratorydistresssyndromesecondarytocoronavirus2sarscov2 |